We have seen that the _pater familias_ had the right to marry his daughter without consulting her, but he enjoyed a right more excessive still, that of re-marrying her when his son-in-law had been absent for three years.[610] It was Antoninus only who thought of depriving the father of his right to annul the marriage of his daughter. To the _potestas_ of the father succeeded the _manus_ of the husband. The woman _in manu_ was considered legally as the daughter of her husband, and therefore as the sister of her children. If the husband was himself the son of a family, the wife _in manu_ was held as grand-daughter of the father of the family. This entailed for her the extinction of paternal power (on her own side), and of guardianship and the rights of relationship with the male members of her father’s family. In the marriage with _manus_ the husband became the proprietor of all the dowry of his wife. The father, however, could stipulate that the dowry should be returned to him if his daughter died without children or was repudiated. The _leges Julia_ and _Papia_ had, in fact, imposed on the father the obligation of giving a dowry to his daughter; but the dowry could be appointed by third parties or by the woman herself, if she was _sui juris_, and then also she had the right to stipulate for some reservations. This terrible right of _manus_ was acquired by the husband with every form of marriage, even the grossest of all, the _usus_, or simple cohabitation during one year; but the wife could avoid the _conventio in manum_ by passing three nights in the year out of the conjugal domicile. The _manus_ invested the husband with a large right of correction over his wife, though in very grave cases he was to assemble the family tribunal, which included the children of cousins-german. These family tribunals took cognisance even of murder committed by the wife, and they were still in use under the emperors.[611] On the other hand, the Roman husbands did not let their legal right of beating their wives fall into desuetude, for Saint Monica consoled the wives of her acquaintance whose faces showed marks of marital brutality, by saying to them: “Take care to control your tongues.... It is the duty of servants to obey their masters.... You have made a contract of servitude.”[612]