[136] Moerenhout, _Voy. aux îles_, etc., t. ii. p. 167.--Marion, _Hist. Univ. des Voy._, t. iii. p. 487. [137] Wake, _Evolution of Morality_, vol. i. p. 241. [138] Peschel, _Races of Man_, p. 408. [139] Burckhardt, _Hist. Univ. des Voy._, t. xxxii. p. 155. [140] Strabo, x. 21. [141] Démeunier, _Esprit des Différents Peuples_, t. I^{er.} p. 153 [142] _Hist. Univ. des Voy._, t. xxx. p. 94. [143] H. Spencer, _Sociology_, vol. ii. p. 218. [144] Langsdorff, _Voyages_, t. ii. p. 64. [145] Heber, quoted by H. Spencer, _Sociology_, vol. ii. p. 248. [146] _Geography_, Lib. iv. par. 4. [147] Justin, _Agatha_, vol. ii. Tertullian, in _Apologet._ [148] A. Hovelacque, _L’Avesta_, pp. 465, 466. [149] Démeunier, t. I^{er.} pp. 465, 466. [150] _Ibid._ p. 166. [151] Noël, _Bull. de la Soc. de Géog._, Paris, 1843. [152] Collection Ramusio, t. I^{er.} libro di Odoardo Barbosa, portoghese. [153] Démeunier, t. I^{er.} p. 155. [154] _Ibid._ [155] _The People of India_, vol. i. p. 2. [156] _Travels through the Russian Empire and Tartary_, by D. J. Cook, vol. i. [157] Davy, _Ceylon_, p. 286. [158] Dr. Decugis, _Bull. de la Soc. de Géog._, Paris. [159] Strabo, vol. ii. p. 514. [160] Porter, _Hist. Univ. des Voy._, t. xvi. p. 323. [161] Levaillant, _ibid_. t. xxi. p. 164. [162] Bruce, _Travels_, vol. ix. p. 187; vol. v. p. 1. [163] Ausland, Jan. 1867, p. 114. [164] Ibn Batûta, vol. ii. p. 230 (quoted by R. Smith in _Kinship and Marriage in Early Arabia_). [165] Hearne, _A Journey from Prince of Wales Fort_, p. 104 (1796). [166] Franklin, _Journey to the Shores of the Polar Sea_, vol. viii. p. 43. [167] Richardson, _Boat Journey_, vol. ii. p. 21. [168] Darwin, _Descent of Man_, p. 614. CHAPTER V. POLYANDRY. I. _Sexual Proportion of Births: its Influence on Marriage._--Sexual proportion amongst animals--The state of this in Europe--Its variations according to race and profession--Its oscillations--Proportion of the sexes disturbed by war, by infanticide, and by the sale of daughters--Polyandry has not been general. II. _Ethnography of Polyandry._--Examples of polyandry--Great polyandrous centres--The polyandry of Thibet--The polyandry of the Naïrs. III. _Polyandry in Ancient Arabia._--Its causes--Infanticide in Arabia--The legend of Caïs, the infanticide--Evolution of polyandry in Arabia--_Mot’a_ marriage--_Ba’al_ marriage. IV. _Polyandry in General._--Matriarchal polyandry and patriarchal polyandry. I. _Sexual Proportion of Births, and its Influence on Marriage._