[169] Darwin, _Descent of Man_, p. 278. [170] A. Bertillon. [171] Darwin, _Descent of Man_, p. 270. [172] _Id., ibid._ [173] Houzeau, _Facultés mentales des animaux_, t. I^{er.} p. 282. [174] Darwin, _Descent of Man_, p. 270. [175] _Id., ibid._ p. 282. [176] Dalton, _Ethn. Bengal_, p. 289. [177] _De bello Gallico_, v. p. 14. [178] Berthelot, _Mém. Soc. Ethn._, pp. 121, 125, 155, 186, 210. [179] Radiguet, _Derniers Sauvages_, p. 180. [180] Dalton, _loc. cit._, pp. 33-36. [181] Schortt, _Trans. Ethno. Soc._ (New Series), vol. viii. p. 240. [182] _Mahabharata_, trad. Fauche, t. ii. p. 148. [183] _Hist. Univ. des Voy_., vol. xxxi. pp. 458-468. [184] Davy, _Ceylon_, p. 286.--O. Sachot, _L’île de Ceylon_, p. 25. [185] Turner, _Thibet_, p. 348, and _Hist. Univ. des Voy_., vol. xxxi. p. 434. [186] Moorcroft and Trebeck’s _Travels_, vol. i. p. 320. [187] Rousselet, _Ethnographie de l’Himalaya occidental_, in _Revue d’anthrop._, 1878. [188] Turner, _Hist. Univ. des Voy._, vol. xxxi. p. 434. [189] Major Ross King, _Journ. of Anthrop._ (1870), p. 32. [190] Élie Reclus, _Les Primitifs_, p. 191. [191] Hamilton, _Account of the East Indies_, vol. i. p. 308. [192] Forbes, _Oriental Memoirs_, vol. i. p. 385. [193] _Lettres Edifiantes_, vol. x. p. 22. [194] Robertson Smith, _Kinship_, etc., p. 313. [195] Buchanan, _Journey_, vol. ii. p. 411, etc. [196] _Kinship and Marriage in Early Arabia_, 1885. [197] _Kinship and Marriage in Early Arabia_, p. 283. [198] Sourate, vi. p. 141. [199] _Ibid._ p. 152. [200] _Ibid._ xvii. p. 33. [201] _Ibid._ lxxxi. pp. 8-14. [202] R. Smith, _Kinship_, p. 282. [203] R. Smith, _Kinship_, etc., pp. 279, 280. [204] _Id., ibid._ pp. 131-134. [205] _Id., ibid._ p. 135. [206] _Id., ibid._ p. 137. [207] R. Smith, _Kinship_, etc., pp. 69, 141-143. [208] _Id., ibid._ vol. xiv. p. 4. [209] _Id., ibid._ p. 67. [210] R. Smith, _Kinship_, etc., pp. 141-143. [211] _Id., ibid._ p. 143. [212] R. Smith, _Kinship_, etc., p. 284. CHAPTER VI. MARRIAGE BY CAPTURE. I. _Rape._--Rape and marriage--Rape in Tasmania, Australia, New Guinea, Africa, America, among the Tartars, the Hindoos, the Hebrews, and the Celts--The rape of concubines in ancient Greece. II. _Marriage by Capture._--The ceremonial of capture in marriage--Symbolic capture among the Esquimaux, the Indians of Canada, in Guatemala, among the Mongols, the aborigines of Bengal, in New Zealand, among the Arabs, the ancient Greeks, in ancient Rome, in Circassia, among the modern Celts, and in Livonia. III. _Signification of the Ceremonial of Capture._--Violent exogamy has not been universal--Rape and marriage by purchase--What the ceremonial of capture means. I. _Rape._