The Evolution of Modern Medicine: A Series of Lectures Delivered at Yale University on the Silliman Foundation in April, 1913Osler, William, Sir
History
The Evolution of Modern Medicine: A Series of Lectures Delivered at Yale University on the Silliman Foundation in April, 1913
Osler, William, Sir
Medicine -- History
Paracelsus expresses the healing powers of nature by the word "mumia,"
which he regarded as a sort of magnetic influence or force, and he
believed that anyone possessing this could arrest or heal disease
in others. As the lily breaks forth in invisible perfume, so healing
influences may pass from an invisible body. Upon these views of
Paracelsus was based the theory of the sympathetic cure of disease
which had an extraordinary vogue in the late sixteenth and seventeenth
centuries, and which is not without its modern counterpart.
In the next century, in Van Helmont we meet with the Archaeus everywhere
presiding, controlling and regulating the animate and inanimate bodies,
working this time through agents, local ferments. The Rosicrucians had
their direct inspiration from his writings, and such mystics as the
English Rosicrucian Fludd were strong Paracelsians.(14)
(14) Robert Fludd, the Mystical Physician, British Medical
Journal, London, 1897, ii, 408.
The doctrine of contraries drawn from the old Greek philosophy,
upon which a good deal of the treatment of Hippocrates and Galen was
based--dryness expelled by moisture, cold by heat, etc.--was opposed by
Paracelsus in favor of a theory of similars, upon which the practice of
homeopathy is based. This really arose from the primitive beliefs, to
which I have already referred as leading to the use of eyebright in
diseases of the eye, and cyclamen in diseases of the ear because of its
resemblance to that part; and the Egyptian organotherapy had the same
basis,--spleen would cure spleen, heart, heart, etc. In the sixteenth
and seventeenth centuries these doctrines of sympathies and antipathies
were much in vogue. A Scotchman, Sylvester Rattray, edited in the
"Theatrum Sympatheticum"(15) all the writings upon the sympathies and
antipathies of man with animal, vegetable and mineral substances, and
the whole art of physics was based on this principle.
(15) Rattray: Theatrum Sympatheticum, Norimberge, MDCLXII.
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