[58.1] _Vide_ Herzog, _Real-Encycl._, xii. p. 319. [58.2] _Vide_ Trede, _Das Heidenthum in der römischen Kirche_, vol. i. p. 280, “Neue und alte Fest-Lust.” [60.1] _Vide_ Frazer’s _Golden Bough, passim_, especially vol. ii. pp. 115-168 (death and resurrection in rites of Adonis, Attis, Osiris, Dionysos), and vol. iii. pp. 138-200: _cf._ articles by Bernard Cook in _Classical Review_, 1903, 1904, on “Zeus Jupiter and the Oak”: we must distinguish between the simulated death of the divine effigy, and the simulated or real death of the human representative of divinity. In Hellenic religion we can trace the idea in the worship of Pan, in the legends and ritual of Artemis-Iphigenia and Aphrodite, vide _Cults of the Greek States_, vol. ii. pp. 440-442, 650-652, and in the Cretan worship of Zeus, vol. i. pp. 36-38: but it had lost its vitality in the purely Hellenic cults of the classical period, and was only real and energetic in the legends and ritual of Adonis and Dionysos. [61.1] _Vide_ Dio Chrys., vol. ii. p. 16 (Dindorf), and K. O. Müller’s _Sardon und Sardanapal_ (_Kleine Schriften_, vol. ii. p. 100): on a coin published in British Museum Catalogue, “Lycaonia,” etc., pl. xxxiii. 2, p. 180, we see the god on his lion standing on what may be his pyre. [62.1] _Vide_ especially Hippol., _Ref. Haeres._ 5, p. 118 (Miller): Macrob., _Saturn._ 1, 21, 7: Arnobius, _Adv. Gent._ 5, 7, 16; 7, 49: Julian, _Or._ 5, 168 C. [62.2] _De error._ c. 22. [63.1] For the Greek origin of the Christian apocalyptical literature, _vide_ Dieterich, _Beitrage zur Erklärung der neu-entdeckten Petrus Apokalypse_, Leipzig, 1893. The clearest trace of Orphic influence on historic Christianity is the doctrine of purgatory, which was popularised for the later ages by Vergil’s VIth _Æneid_: _vide_ especially the purgatorial theory in Servius’ Commentary, _Æn._ vi. 741. [65.1] _Hibbert Journal_, January 1904. [66.1] Alexis in Stobæus, _Florileg._ (Meineke), vol. iii. p. 83. [67.1] _Vide_ Herzog, _Real-Encycl._, _s.v._ “Montanismus”: _cf._ the article there on “Maria” and the chapter in Trede, _op. cit._ vol. ii., “Die grosse Mutter.” [68.1] Euseb. _v. Const._, iii. 43, 2. [69.1] Vide _Cults of the Greek States_, pp. 650-652. [69.2] One of the Babylonian goddesses is addressed in the same hymn as “Mother, wife, and maid,” Jastrow, _Relig. Babyl. Assyr._, p. 459. [70.1] Vide _Cults of the Greek States_, vol. ii., Artemis, R 133: _cf._ Paus. 8, 13, 1. [70.2] I am treating this question in an appendix to the Cybele chapter in vol. iii. of my _Cults_, etc. [71.1] _E.g._ fragment of Naumachius in Stobæus, _op. cit._, vol. iii. pp. 16-17. [72.1] _Vide_ specially Trede, _Das Heidenthum in der römischen Kirche_: Renan, _Les origines du christianisme_, vol. vii. 572-573. The resemblances are particularly striking between the Catholic and the Isiac sacerdotalism. [72.2] Hæres., 79. [72.3] Herod., 4, 33.