The evolution of scientific thought from Newton to EinsteinD'Abro, A. (Aram)
Science
The evolution of scientific thought from Newton to Einstein
D'Abro, A. (Aram)
Relativity (Physics); Science -- Methodology
Having established the solidarity of the evolution of all physical
phenomena at rest in the same Galilean frame as an inevitable
consequence of the relativity of Galilean motion, we must now enquire
whether this general solidarity should be assumed to extend to vital
phenomena and to our consciousness of the flight of time. Of course we
cannot deny that aging is accompanied by a physiological alteration of
our bodies; hence, on this ground alone, there can be no doubt that
physiological aging will proceed in terms of the general solidarity of
all physical phenomena. But there exists another aspect of the passage
of time, and that is our consciousness of its stream.
Our awareness of the flight of time is probably the most fundamental
fact of consciousness; and it remains an ever-mysterious enigma. If we
credit it to certain physiological processes occurring in the brain, it
must of course accompany the general evolution of physical processes;
but if we wish to regard this flight of time as a vital or spiritual
phenomenon different in its essence from anything physical, there can
be no a priori reason for assuming that it would accompany the
general physical processes. Of course our awareness of the flight of
time is an extremely vague feeling; nevertheless, so long as we retain
a conscious state, we have no difficulty in differentiating a duration
of twelve hours from one of one second.
If, then, in the example of the two twins, we assume that the length
of the trip and the velocity of the travelling twin have been so
selected that when the twins meet again, the clock of the traveller
marks an advance of only one second, whereas that of his stationary
brother marks an advance of ten years, our differentiation between
physiological time and our consciousness of the time-flow would lead
to the following result: The travelling twin would not have aged,
physiologically speaking, but he would be fully aware, in his inner
consciousness, that a stretch of time far in excess of one second had
elapsed during his trip. However, we cannot fail to observe that if
such were the case, if there existed two crates of aging for the same
man, one physiological and the other corresponding to a psychological
sensing of the flow of time, the special principle of relativity, and
with it Einstein’s theory, would have to be abandoned.
The reason for this last statement is easy to understand: If the two
species of time-flow varied independently, the rate of evolution of all
processes would appear to vary according to the frame in which we might
be situated—a tortoise would appear to crawl or to be galloping madly
through space. Theoretically, therefore, it would be possible to detect
a difference as between Galilean frames, hence to discover absolute
velocity through the ether or through space. And this would be contrary
to the principle of relativity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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