We _must_ assume determinants, and consequently the germ-plasm must
have room for these; the variations of species can only be explained
through variations of the germ-plasm, for these alone give rise to
hereditary variation. It is upon this foundation that my germinal
selection is built up; whether I have in the main reached the truth the
future will show: but that I have not exhausted this new domain, but
only opened it up, I am very well aware.
LECTURE XXVII
THE BIOGENETIC LAW
Fritz Müller's ideas--Development of the Crustaceans--Of
the Daphnidæ--Of Sacculina--Of parasitic Copepods--Larvæ
of the higher Crustaceans--Change of phyletic stages in
Ontogeny--Haeckel's _Fundamental Biogenetic Law_--Palingenesis
and Cœnogenesis--Variation of phyletic forms by interpolation in
a lengthened Ontogeny--Justification of deductions from Ontogeny
to Phylogeny--Würtemberger's series of Ammonites--Phylogeny of the
markings in the caterpillars of the Sphingidæ--Condensation of
Phylogeny in Ontogeny--Example from the Crustaceans--Disappearance
of useless parts--The variation of homologous parts, according
to Emery--Germ-plasmic correlations--Harmony with the theory of
determinants--Multiplication of the determinants in the course of the
phylogeny.
What I propose to discuss in this lecture should have been considered
at an earlier stage, if we had pledged ourselves to adhere strictly
to the historical sequence of scientific discovery, for the phenomena
which we are about to deal with attained recognition shortly after
the revival of the evolution idea, and indeed they formed the first
important discovery which was made on the basis of the Darwinian
Doctrine of Descent. I have introduced them at this stage because
they have to do with phenomena of inheritance and modifications of
these, the understanding of which--in as far as we can as yet speak
of understanding at all--is only possible on the basis of a theory
of inheritance. Therefore, in order to examine these phenomena and
their causes, it was necessary first to submit a theory of heredity,
as I have done in the germ-plasm theory. We have to treat of the
connexion between the _development_ of many-celled individuals and
the _evolution_ of the species, between germinal history and racial
history, or, as we say with Haeckel, between ontogeny and phylogeny.
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