A third cella has been excavated on the north side of the court. It is
apparently the sanctuary of the god Ea, who in Greek times was
identified with Serapis (see _Tempel von Babylon_, p. 43). It was here
that the generals of Alexander sought counsel of the god with regard to
his illness, whether the king should permit himself to be transported
hither in search of healing. Doors lead north to two chambers behind the
cella, an arrangement that is not found in any other cella. If my
expressed opinion is correct these chambers may have been the
dormitories in which oracular dreams could be secured. In the cella,
which also had a side chamber at the east end, the postament for the
statue still stands in front of the niche. Imprinted on the asphalt
covering of its flat top we found traces of a wooden throne, which,
during the conflagration, had become charred and broken up. Of the
richly carved work some fragments could still be recognised, the figures
that supported the throne, holding the water vase with which Ea, god of
the abyss of waters, was usually represented, a fine head of a dragon, a
fish, and so forth.
The paved floor with its wash of asphalt is slightly dominated by the
postament, which has in front of it a shallow step flanked by two small
balustrades.
[Illustration:
FIG. 125.—Esagila brick of Sardanapalus.
]
The pavement was repeatedly raised, and with it the mighty door sockets
and the postament (Fig. 124). Of the six pavements the two upper ones
are Nebuchadnezzar’s, and the two middle ones are of Sardanapalus, who
states on the stamps of his brick, 33 × 33 centimetres (Fig. 125), that
he made the “bricks of Esagila and Etemenanki.” In this pavement there
was one, 40 × 40 centimetres, brick of Esarhaddon, which, according to
the stamp, belonged to “the pavement of Esagila” (Fig. 126). The name of
the temple is therefore fully established by inscription as Esagila. On
bricks found by us in the vicinity, Esagila is often mentioned in
conjunction with Etemenanki or with Babylon (Fig. 127). The two lower
pavements have no stamps. The walls of the court at this lower and more
ancient level are adorned with mouldings, while the walls above are
plain.
At the doors, and in front of the wall piers, we again found the brick
caskets; in one of these lay a clay figure of a bearded man with bull’s
feet, and holding a palm or something of the kind (Fig. 128).
[Illustration:
FIG. 126.—Esagila brick of Esarhaddon.
]
The upper pavement lies on an average 4.5 metres above zero. The
enclosing walls, which, including the 2–metres-thick kisu, are 6 metres
thick, consist, like the entire building, of mud brick, and the kisu of
32 × 32–centimetre unstamped burnt brick; it must therefore be older
than the time of Nebuchadnezzar, who does not appear to have carried out
any vigorous restoration here.
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