Near the railway trench to the westward of the first-mentioned house
there was a large number of Graeco-Parthian burials. Pottery sarcophagi
and wooden coffins, surrounded by brickwork, lie here as low as 80
centimetres above zero. Some of them are rich in small plastic deposits.
There are alabaster statuettes of women with finely worked wigs of black
asphalt and inlaid eyes (Fig. 132). One type is lying on the hip, and
another is standing, and both occur also in hollow terra-cotta. They
vary between the older fine and animated style and the later dry
lifeless treatment. The ancient Babylonian forms, such, for instance, as
those of the Ninmach terra-cottas (p. 277), have entirely disappeared by
this time, and are superseded by Greek models. Simultaneously with these
decidedly graceful pieces there occurs, sometimes in the same coffin,
another style of modelling, which strikes one as rather barbaric. They
are small nude female figures made from cylindrical bones flattened on
one side and carved on the face. There were seven of these pieces in one
grave, which differ greatly from one another in style. All alike have a
coarsely formed body with disproportionately broad hips, while the head
is frequently very finely worked.
[Illustration:
FIG. 132.—Alabaster figure with asphalt perruque.
]
Some of the alabaster and clay figures certainly wore genuine tiny
garments, as is shown by the movable jointed arms. The corpse itself
frequently wears a naturalistic wreath of leaves or a narrow diadem of
very thin gold fastened by a band that was inserted in two holes. The
face was often wrapped in pieces of thin gold-leaf.
In addition to the plain wooden coffins, others are found, though not
_in situ_, very richly decorated. The remains of one of these lay in the
western cross-cut at the peribolos, rich with the gilded bases of small
pillars, the channellings of which were overlaid with glass fillets,
gilded cupids, and the like, all made of gypsum and specially adapted
for fitting on to wood. The sarcophagus in which the wooden coffin was
placed was built of bricks, with a gable roof formed of bricks placed
edgeways, and tilted up over the opening, the whole bedded in a liberal
supply of gypsum mortar.
[Illustration:
FIG. 133.—A slipper sarcophagus.
]
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