The orthographical differences also arrange themselves with the same
distinctness in clearly defined groups. On the 6–lined stamps _Ba-bi-lu_
or _Ba-bi-i-lu_ is written for Babylon, while on the 7–, 4–, and 3–lined
stamps it is exclusively called _Ka-dingir-ra_. The term _Tin-tir_,
which is by far the most usual on stone inscriptions, only occurs once
on a 3–line and once on a 4–line stamp on bricks. Very rare is a 4–line
stamp on which the father’s name is omitted (Fig. 49), and as a
curiosity 7–line metal stamps occur on which the order of the lines has
been reversed. What elsewhere is the 7th line is here the 1st. We have
no wish to decide whether this is mere carelessness. We must, however,
remember in this connection that we have Assyriologists of repute who
read the cuneiform writing from above downwards, with which its
historical development certainly agrees. The literature of the tablets
for the ordinary right-handed man was written from left to right, but
were the scribe left-handed he would be forced to write from above
downwards, and many of the archaic stone inscriptions indeed convey the
impression that they should be read in this fashion. All will agree that
the later writings must be read from left to right. It is quite possible
that Nebuchadnezzar, who so greatly preferred the archaic characters
which were so highly decorative, also made an attempt to employ the
ancient method of arranging them vertically. The stamps are all
inscribed with these monumental, early Babylonian characters.
[Illustration:
FIG. 50.—Brick stamp of Evil-Merodach.
]
The 6–lined stamp gives _Nabu-ku-dur-ru-u-ṣur_ or _Nabu-ku-dur-ri-uṣur_,
the 7–lined gives either the latter or _Nabu-ku-du-ur-ri-uṣur_. The
4–lined is exclusively characterised by the use of _ap-lam_ instead of
_tur-uš_, which is universally used elsewhere.
[Illustration:
FIG. 51.—Brick stamps of Nebuchadnezzar (E, F), of Neriglissar (G),
and Nabonidus (H).
]
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