The technique is similar to that of the flat enamels of the Ishtar Gate;
each colour is outlined in black, and the position marks are also
employed here in the same manner. They can be better studied here than
elsewhere, for the greater number of the bricks were found in their
original connection. After the destruction of the wall by brick robbers
the outer coating fell towards the north, and we could take them up, one
piece after another, as though no accident had befallen them. The system
of signs can be seen best on the capitals (Fig. 65). Here the markings
consist of numerals combined with dots. They are marked on the upper
edge of the bricks with a poor, somewhat blackened, glaze. The signs
that distinguish the courses are in the centre, those for the lateral
arrangement are close to the vertical joints. Each of the latter signs
is a counterpart of the sign near the vertical joint of the brick
adjoining it. Of the central signs that mark the courses the top course
of the upper row of volutes has one stroke, the second has two, and so
on up to seven. The seven courses of the lower row of volutes are
numbered in the same way, but the groups of strokes are preceded by a
dot to distinguish them from those of the upper series. For the sequence
of the bricks one of the intermediate ornaments forms a single unit with
the capital adjoining it on the right. All the bricks that belong to the
same unit bear the same number of strokes. The counting runs from left
to right. The numerals are crossed by a transverse stroke, which, in
order to mark the direction of the signs, has a dot attached to it. This
direction line is parallel to the vertical joint on the central
ornament, and parallel with the front of the brick on the volutes. It is
quite probable that the separate groups were first provisionally built
together, at any rate for the purpose of drawing the design, which is
still visible in red colour under the enamel, so as to secure that
boldness and freedom of outline which delights us with its beauty at the
present time. But when once the process of enamelling began—the
transportation of the bricks, the drying, the burning, and all the
unavoidable processes that had to be carried through before the bricks
could be placed in the wall—it would be impossible to keep them apart.
The marks would then afford the only means of placing them correctly on
the walls, and rendering it easy to deliver them in groups to the
respective masons.
In order to close the joints completely the bricks are slightly
wedge-shaped. The joints between the courses are laid in mud over
asphalt, which, as we observe in other careful building, does not extend
to the front of the building but stops at a distance of half a brick,
thus avoiding any blotching of the face of the wall.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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