The Exiles of Florida: or, The crimes committed by our government against the Maroons, who fled from South Carolina and other slave states, seeking protection under Spanish laws.Giddings, Joshua R. (Joshua Reed)
Philosophy
The Exiles of Florida: or, The crimes committed by our government against the Maroons, who fled from South Carolina and other slave states, seeking protection under Spanish laws.
Giddings, Joshua R. (Joshua Reed)
Maroons; Seminole War, 1st, 1817-1818; Seminole War, 2nd, 1835-1842
The Creek warriors had engaged to serve until the Seminoles were
conquered; but after the death of Captain Moniac, and their other
friends who fell in the Great Wahoo Swamp, they had shown a disposition
rather to _avoid danger_ than to _catch negroes_; and it was deemed
proper to discharge them. But difficulties intervened in regard to the
division of the negroes claimed to have been captured by them, while
acting in concert with our troops. Some ninety negroes had been
captured, in whose bones and muscles, blood and sinews, seven hundred
Creek warriors claimed an interest; while the Tennesseeans, and other
troops, had been in the field acting with the Creeks at the time of
capture; and the Creeks could, in equity, claim only a pro rata
interest. General Jessup however met the difficulty with promptness,
and, to put an end to all future strife and discontent, he issued the
following:
"ORDER No. 175. TAMPA BAY, Sept. 6, 1837.
"1. The Seminole negroes captured by the army, will be taken on
account of Government and held subject to the _orders of the
Secretary of War_.
2. The sum of eight thousand dollars will be paid to the Creek
chiefs and warriors by whom they were captured, or who were present
at their capture, in full for their claims; the amount to be
apportioned among the battalions in proportion to the numbers
respectively taken by each, viz: To the first battalion, five
thousand seven hundred dollars; to the second battalion, two
thousand dollars; and to the spy battalion, three hundred dollars.
3. To induce the Creeks to take alive, and not destroy, the negroes
of citizens who had been captured by the Seminoles, a reward was
promised them for all they should secure. They have captured and
secured thirty-five, who have been returned to their owners. _The
owners have paid nothing_, but the promise to the Indians must be
fulfilled. The sum of twenty dollars will be allowed them for each,
from the public funds.
4. Lieutenant Frederick Searle is charged with the execution of
this order. He will cause accounts to be made, in the name of the
United States, and receipts taken from the Indians in full, for all
claims to the negroes, both of the Seminoles and citizens.
Lieutenant Searle will call on the Commanding General for funds to
enable him to comply with this order.
5. Until further orders, the Seminole negroes will remain at Fort
Pike, Louisiana, in charge of the Assistant Quarter-Master at New
Orleans, and in custody of the Commanding Officer of the post. They
will be fed and clothed at the public expense."
This order was reported to the Secretary of War, and on the seventh of
October was approved and became the act of the Executive; and the people
of the nation became the actual owners of these ninety slaves, so far as
the Executive could bind them to the ownership of human flesh.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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