From this geographical liaison allow me to pass to another kind of liaison and say a few words on a subject I have particularly at heart, and which is the conclusion not only of this five years’ journey but also of all the journeys I have had the opportunity of making in Central Africa since the beginning of the twentieth century,—I mean the importance, I will even say the necessity, of Franco-British collaboration in the great work of African civilization. When I first set foot on the Dark Continent, in 1896, tropical and still mysterious Africa was a subject of discussions and rivalries between French and British colonials; but at the present time twenty years of fruitful emulation have ended in a definite and final division of our various possessions, and it seems to me that henceforth Africa is destined to be the tangible pledge of the union of our two countries. I believe that in England as in France a considerable number of thoughtful men hold that it is above all to the African continent that we must look in a very large proportion for the supply of raw material and foodstuffs that we need. The question is whether it is more to the advantage of France and England to co-operate as closely as possible in developing these vast and practically unworked regions, or whether it is preferable for them to pursue this object separately, each country limiting its means of action to its own sphere of influence. For my part, I hold that the answer is not doubtful: our two countries should unite their resources for a loyal collaboration in this essential work, so as to assure its complete success as rapidly as possible. I know that the problem is no very simple one; but have we not solved harder ones in the course of these last years, when for both our countries the question was “to be or not to be”? And since it would appear that the great and formidable economic struggle that is beginning on the morrow of the victory is destined to be as keen, if not keener, than the military struggle, it seems to me that the hearty, loyal, and complete union of our efforts can alone assure us of success. _The Trans-Sudanese._—It is an axiom henceforth beyond argument that the utilization of the riches running to waste in Tropical Africa cannot be seriously taken in hand until an adequate system of railways is constructed. Allow me, in bringing this lecture to an end, to explain what seems to me the most rational way of conceiving the general programme of the African railways north of the equator.