[382] Herod., i. 108. [383] עִיר. Comp. Mal. ii. 12 (perhaps "the watchman and him that answereth"). LXX., ἄγγελος; Theodot., ἐγρήγορος. [384] Comp. Deut. xxxiii. 2; Zech. xiv. 5; Psalm lxxxix. 6; Job v. 1, etc. [385] The LXX., in its free manipulation of the original, adds that the king saw the dream fulfilled. In one day the tree was cut down, and its destruction completed in one hour. [386] Comp. Zech. xiv. 5; Psalm lxxxix. 6. [387] See Job xv. 15. [388] Dr. A. Kohut, _Die jüdische Angelologie_, p. 6, n. 17. [389] For a full examination of the subject see Oehler, _Theol. of the O. T._, § 59, pp. 195 ff.; Schultz, _Alttest. Theol._, p. 555; Hamburger, _Real-Encycl._, i., _s.v._ "Engel"; Professor Fuller, _Speaker's Commentary_, on the Apocrypha, Tobit, i., 171-183. [390] Sayce, _Records of the Past_, ix. 140. [391] The number seven is not, however, found in all texts. [392] The Jewish tradition admits that the names of the angels came from Persia (_Rosh Hashanah_, f. 56, 1; _Bereshîth Rabba_, c. 48; Riehm, _R. W. B._, i. 381). [393] Descent of Ishtar, _Records of the Past_, i. 141. Botta found seven rude figures buried under the thresholds of doors. [394] The Targum understands it "for a moment." [395] The wish was quite natural. It is needless to follow Rashi, etc., in making this an address to God, as though it were a prayer to Him that ruin might fall on His enemy Nebuchadrezzar. Comp. Ov., _Fast._, iii. 494: "Eveniat nostris hostibus ille color." [396] _Records of the Past_, i. 133. [397] Mark v. 3. [398] Bevan, p. 92. [399] In the _Mishnah_ often _Shamayîm_; N. T., ἡ βασίλεια τῶν οὐρανῶν. [400] Or, as in A.V. and Hitzig, "if it may be a lengthening of thy tranquillity"; but Ewald reads _arukah_, "healing" (Isa. lviii. 8), for _ar'kah_. [401] _Baba Bathra_, f. 4, 1. [402] _Berachôth_, f. 10, 2; f. 57, 2. [403] Theodot., τὰς ἁμαρτίας σου ἐν ἐλεημοσύναις λύτρωσαι; Vulg., _peccata tua eleemosynis redime_. Comp. Psalm cxii. 9. This exaltation of almsgiving is a characteristic of later Judaism (Ecclus. iv. 5-10; Tobit iv. 11). [404] Comp. Prov. x. 2, xvi. 6; _Sukka_, f. 49, 2. The theological and ethical question involved is discussed by Calvin, _Instt._, iii. 4; Bellarmine, _De Pœnitent_., ii. 6 (Behrmann). [405] It is now called Kasr, but the Arabs call it _Mujelibé_, "The Ruined." [406] Birs-Nimrod (Grote, _Hist. of Greece_, III., chap. xix.; Layard, _Nin. and Bab._, chap. ii.). [407] Arist., _Polit._, III. i. 12. He says that three days after its capture some of its inhabitants were still unaware of the fact. [408] Acts xii. 20-23; Jos., _Antt._, XIV. viii. 2. [409] For further information on this subject I may refer to my paper on "Rabbinic Exegesis," _Expositor_, v. 362-378. The fact that there are slight variations in spelling Nebuchad_n_ezzar and Antiochus Epiphanes is of no importance. [410] Psalm cxxiii. 1. See Eurypides, _Bacchæ_, 699. [411] Exod. xvii. 16. [412] Psalm cxlv. 13.