The Expositor's Bible: The Book of DeuteronomyHarper, Andrew
Religion
The Expositor's Bible: The Book of Deuteronomy
Harper, Andrew
Bible. Deuteronomy -- Commentaries
That would seem to have been the process by which the inspired
legislators of Israel did their work; and if it be so, some of
the variations which are now taken to be certain indications
of different ages and circumstances may simply represent local
varieties of the same custom. Custom tends always to vary with the
locality within certain narrow limits. It would be quite in accord
with the general character of ancient customary law to believe
that, provided the law was on the whole observed, there would be no
inclination to insist upon excluding small local variations; and
equally so that in a collection like the Pentateuch the custom of
one locality should appear in one place, that of another in another.
In that case, to insist that a certain sacrifice, for example,
shall always consist of the same number of animals, and that any
variation means a new and later legislation on the subject, is
only to make a mistake. The discrepancy is made important only by
applying modern English views of law to ancient law. Professor A. B.
Davidson has shown in the Introduction to his _Ezekiel_ (p. liii.)
that this latter was probably Ezekiel's view. "On any hypothesis
of priority," he says, "the differences in details between him
(_i.e._ Ezekiel) and the law (_i.e._ P) may be easiest explained by
supposing that, while the sacrifices in general and the ideas which
they expressed were fixed and current, the particulars, such as the
kind of victims and the number of them, the precise quantity of
meal, oil, and the like, were held non-essential and alterable when
a change would better express the idea." The same principle would
apply to the differences between Ezekiel and Deuteronomy, _e.g._ the
omission of the feast of weeks and of the law of the offering of the
firstlings of the flock. If so, then obviously Ezekiel must have
thought that the previous ritual law was not meant to be as binding
as we make it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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