The Expositor's Bible: The Book of the Twelve Prophets, Vol. 2: Commonly Called the MinorSmith, George Adam
Religion
The Expositor's Bible: The Book of the Twelve Prophets, Vol. 2: Commonly Called the Minor
Smith, George Adam
Bible. Minor Prophets -- Commentaries
[631] Some of M. Andrée’s alleged differences need not be discussed at
all, _e.g._ that between מפני and לפני. But here are the others. He
asserts that while chap. i. calls _oil and wine_ “yiṣhar and tîrôsh,”
chap. ii. (10) 11-19 calls them “yayin and shemen.” But he overlooks
the fact that the former pair of names, meaning the newly pressed oil
and wine, suit their connection, in which the fruits of the earth are
being catalogued, i. 11, while the latter pair, meaning the finished
wine and oil, equally suit their connection, in which articles of food
are being catalogued, ii. 12. Equally futile is the distinction drawn
between i. 9, which speaks of bringing the crops _to the house_, or as
we should say _home_, and ii. 19, which speaks of seed being _in the
barn_. Again, what is to be said of a critic who adduces in evidence of
distinction of authorship the fact that i. 6 employs the verb labhash,
_to clothe_, while ii. 12 uses beged for _garment_, and who actually
puts in brackets the root bagad, as if it anywhere in the Old Testament
meant _to clothe_! Again, Andrée remarks that while ii. (10) 11-19 does
not employ the epithet _Jehovah of Hosts_, but only _Jehovah_, the rest
of the book frequently uses the former; but he omits to observe that
the rest of the book, besides using _Jehovah of Hosts_, often uses
the name Jehovah alone [the phrase in ii. (10) 11-19 is נאם יהוה, and
occurs twice ii. 14, 17; but the rest of the book has also נאם יהוה,
ii. 4; and besides דבר יהוה, i. 1, ii. 1, ii. 20; אמר יהוה, i. 8; and
יהוה אלהים and מפני יהוה, i. 12]. Again, Andrée observes that while the
rest of the book designates Israel always by עם and the heathen by גוי,
chap. ii. (10) 11-19, in ver. 14, uses both terms of Israel. Yet in
this latter case גוי is used only in parallel to עם, as frequently in
other parts of the Old Testament. Again, that while in the rest of the
book Haggai is called the prophet (the doubtful i. 13 may be omitted),
he is simply named in ii. (10) 11-19, means nothing, for the name here
occurs only in introducing his contribution to a conversation, in
recording which it was natural to omit titles. Similarly insignificant
is the fact that while the rest of the book mentions only _the High
Priest_, chap. ii. (10) 11-19 talks only of _the priests_: because here
again each is suitable to the connection.—Two or three of Andrée’s
alleged grounds (such as that from the names for wine and oil and that
from labhash and beged) are enough to discredit his whole case.
[632] ii. 15, 18.
[633] In this opinion, stated first by Eichhorn, most critics agree.
[634] Marcus Dods, _Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi_, 1879, in Handbooks
for Bible Classes: Edin., T. & T. Clark.
[635] חַגַּי Greek Ἀγγαῖος.
[636] חַגִּי, Gen. xlvi. 16, Num. xxvi. 15; Greek Ἁγγει, Ἁγγεις. The
feminine חַגִּית, Haggith, was the name of one of David’s wives: 2 Sam.
iii. 4.
[637] No. 67 of the Phœnician inscriptions in _C. I. S._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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