[200] Schwab's _Berakhoth_, p. 252; Hershon, _Treasures of the Talmud_, p. 25. In Sanhedrin, ff. 21, 22, there is another trace of the dislike with which the marriage (though not forbidden, Deut. xxiii. 7, 8) was regarded: "When Solomon married the daughter of Pharaoh, Gabriel descended and fixed a reed in the sea. A sandbank formed around it on which _Rome_ was subsequently built." In Shabbath, ff. 51, 52, we are told that "the princess brought with her one thousand different kinds of musical instruments, and _taught Solomon the chants to his various idols_." [201] No trace of any such misgiving is found in the Book of Kings. [202] "Seine Liebhaberei sind kostbare Bauten, fremde Weiber, reiche Prachtentfaltung" (Kittel, ii. 160). [203] Perhaps rather "the grandson." He was the son of Ahimaaz (comp. Gen. xxix. 5; Ezra v. 1, where _son = grandson_). [204] Shisha and Shavsha are perhaps corruptions of Seraiah (2 Sam. viii. 17). [205] Comp. Esth. vi. 1. LXX., Isa. xxxvi. 3, ὁ ὑπομνηματογράφος 2 Sam. viii. 17, ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν ὑπομνημάτων. Jerome, "_a commentariis_." Comp. Suet., _Aug._ 79, "_qui e memoria Augusti_." [206] It is a somewhat ominous fact that _netsib_ means properly an ἐπιτειχισμός, a garrison in a hostile country. [207] The king's friend (2 Sam. xv. 37) seems to have been a sort of confidential privy councillor (Prov. xxii. 11). [208] Isa. xxii. 21. [209] 2 Sam. xx. 24. [210] Possibly this clause is an interpolation. [211] 2 Sam. viii. 18. Even "Ira the Jairite" is called "a priest" (2 Sam. xx. 26). An attempt has been made to explain the word away because it obviously clashes with Levitic ordinances; but the word "priest" could not be used in two different senses in two consecutive lines. Dogmatic considerations have tampered with the obvious meaning of the word. The LXX. omits it, and in the case of David's sons calls them αὐλάρχαι. The A.V. renders it "chief officer." The Vulgate wrongly refers it to Zadok (filius Sadoc _sacerdotis_). Movers (_Krit. Unters._, 301 ff.) renders it "court chaplains." Already in 1 Chron. xviii. 17 we find that the title gave offence, and we read instead, "And the sons of David _were at the hand of the king_" (see Ewald, _Alterthumsk_, p. 276). Compare the title "Bishop of Osnaburg," borne by Frederick, Duke of York, son of George III. [212] 2 Sam. v. 14; Zech. xii. 12; Luke iii. 31. [213] The degraded and ominous apparitions of _Sarisim_ (eunuchs) probably began at the court of Solomon on a large scale, though the name occurs in the days of David (1 Sam. viii. 15; 1 Chron. xxviii. 1). In the Northern Kingdom we first hear of them in the harem of the polygamous Ahab. [214] 2 Kings xviii. 18; Isa. xxii. 15. [215] 2 Sam. xx. 24. He is not mentioned in 1 Chron. xxvii. 25-31. [216] This use of patronymics only is common among the Arabs, but not in Scripture (Reuss, _Hist. d. Isr._, i. 423).