[82] Middle Voice, ἀπελούσασθε, on which see Professor Evans in the _Speaker's Commentary_ iii., p. 282. And it is worth noticing that in both passages the principal verbs are in the tense which in Greek commonly indicates some one particular occasion, "Ye were washed, were sanctified, were justified," are all in the aorist. So also here: "He saved us," and "He poured out upon us" are both in the aorist. And in both cases the natural reference is to the particular occasion of baptism in which we "were washed, sanctified, and justified," because God "saved us by the laver of regeneration and renewing of the Holy Spirit which He poured out upon us richly." [83] See Waterland, _Regeneration Stated and Explained_: Works, Vol. vi. pp. 359--362. The whole tract may be commended for clearness and moderation. CHAPTER XXVI. _THE MEANING OF HERESY IN THE NEW TESTAMENT, AND THE APOSTLE'S DIRECTIONS RESPECTING THE TREATMENT OF HERETICAL PERSONS._ "A man that is heretical after a first and second admonition refuse; knowing that such a one is perverted, and sinneth, being self-condemned"--TITUS iii. 10, 11. It is in connexion with this instruction respecting the treatment of heretical persons that we have some of the earliest testimonies to the genuineness of the Epistle to Titus. Thus Irenæus about A.D. 180 writes: "But as many as _fall away from_" (ἀφίστανται, 1 Tim. iv. 1) "the Church and give heed to these _old wives' fables_" (γραώδεσι μύθοις, 1 Tim. iv. 7), "are truly _self-condemned_" (αὐτοκατάκριτοι, Tit. iii. 1): "whom Paul charges us _after a first and second admonition to refuse_" (_Adv. Hær._, I. xvi. 3). It will be observed that in this passage Irenæus makes an obvious allusion to the First Epistle to Timothy, and then quotes the very words of our text, attributing them expressly to St. Paul. And about ten or twelve years later, Tertullian, after commenting on St. Paul's words to the Corinthians, "For there must be also heresies among you, that they which are approved may be made manifest among you" (1 Cor. xi. 19), continues as follows: "But no more about that, seeing that it is the same Paul who elsewhere also in writing to the Galatians reckons heresies among sins of the flesh (Gal. v. 20), and who intimates to Titus that a _man who is heretical must after a first[84] admonition be refused, because he that is such is perverted and sinneth as being self-condemned_. But in almost every Epistle, when insisting on the duty of avoiding false doctrines, he censures heresies of which the practical results are false doctrines, called in Greek _heresies_, with reference to the _choice_ which a man exercises, whether in instituting or in adopting them. For this reason he says that the heretical person is also self-condemned, because he has chosen for himself that in which he is condemned. We, however, may not allow ourselves anything after our own will; nor yet choose what any one has introduced of his own will. The