The Expositor's Bible: The Psalms, Vol. 3: Psalms XC.-CL.Maclaren, Alexander
Religion
The Expositor's Bible: The Psalms, Vol. 3: Psalms XC.-CL.
Maclaren, Alexander
Bible. Psalms -- Commentaries
In the third strophe, Faith rouses itself to lay hold on God. The
psalmist turns from contemplating what his foes are doing, to realise
what Jehovah is to him, and is wont to do for him. Since He is the
singer's God and protects him in all conflict, he "finds it in his
heart" to ask confidently that the plots of the foe may be wrecked.
Consciousness of danger drove the poet in the former strophes to
prayer; Jehovah's character and loving relations to him draw him, in
this one.
"The day of battle" is literally "the day of armour"--when weapons
clash and helmets are fitting wear. Then Jehovah will be as a
head-piece to him, for He always gives the shape to His help which is
required at the moment. The words in ver. 8 for "desires" and "plan"
are found here only.
The text here is evidently in some disorder, and the word
which is now awkwardly attached to the end of ver. 8 is by most
commentators carried over to ver. 9. The change of position clears
away difficulties in both verses, but a considerable crop remains in
this fourth strophe. The language becomes gnarled and obscure under
the stress of the poet's emotion, as he prays for the destruction of
his persecutors. If the transference of the word from ver. 8 to ver.
9 is accepted, that verse describes in vivid fashion what in prose
would have been cast into the form of, "_When_ my encompassers lift
up the head [_i.e._, in proud assault], _then_," etc. The psalmist
omits the particles which would give a hypothetical form, and prefers
to set the two things side by side, and leave sympathetic readers
to feel their connection. Ver. 10 is very obscure. According to the
Hebrew text, the first clause would have to be rendered, "Let coals
be thrown on them"; but such a rendering is "contrary to the usage of
the language." The Hebrew margin, therefore, corrects into, "Let them
[_i.e._, men indefinitely] cast down coals"; but this is harsh, and
the office is strange as one attributed to men. The emendation which
finds favour with most moderns substitutes for the inappropriate
verb of the present text that which is used in precisely the same
connection in Psalm xi. 6, and gives the reading, "Let Him [_i.e._,
Jehovah] rain coals on them." The following clause then swiftly adds
another element of horror. Fire rains down from above; fire yawns
below. They are beaten down by the burning storm, and they fall into
a mass of flame. The noun in ver. 10_c_ is found only here, and is by
some rendered "pits," by others "floods," and by others is corrected
into "nets." If "floods" is taken as the meaning, destruction by
water is set by the side of that by fire, as if the antagonistic
elements forgot their opposition and joined in strange amity to sweep
the wicked from the earth. The terrible strophe ends with the assured
declaration of the Divinely appointed transiency of the evil-doers,
especially of the slanderers against whom the psalmist took refuge
in Jehovah. They shall be soon cut off, and the hunters (ver.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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