The Expositor's Bible: The Psalms, Vol. 3: Psalms XC.-CL.Maclaren, Alexander
Religion
The Expositor's Bible: The Psalms, Vol. 3: Psalms XC.-CL.
Maclaren, Alexander
Bible. Psalms -- Commentaries
With the exclamation in ver. 24 the psalmist has finished his
picture of the earth, which he had seen as if emerging from the
abyss, and watched as it was gradually clothed with fertility and
peopled with happy life. He turns, in vv. 25, 26, to the other half
of his Vision of Creation, and portrays the gathered and curbed
waters which he now calls the "sea." As always in Scripture, it
is described as it looks to a landsman, gazing out on it from the
safe shore. The characteristics specified betray unfamiliarity with
maritime pursuits. The far-stretching roll of the waters away out to
the horizon, the mystery veiling the strange lives swarming in its
depths, the extreme contrasts in the magnitude of its inhabitants,
strike the poet. He sees "the stately ships go on." The introduction
of these into the picture is unexpected. We should have looked for
an instance of the "small" creatures, to pair off with the "great"
one, Leviathan, in the next words. "A modern poet," says Cheyne, _in
loc._, "would have joined the mighty whale to the fairy nautilus." It
has been suggested that "ship" here is a name for the nautilus, which
is common in the Eastern Mediterranean. The suggestion is a tempting
one, as fitting in more smoothly with the antithesis of _small_ and
_great_ in the previous clause. But, in the absence of any proof that
the word has any other meaning than "ship," the suggestion cannot be
taken as more than a probable conjecture. The introduction of "ships"
into the picture is quite in harmony with the allusions to man's
works in the former parts of the psalm, such as ver. 23, and possibly
ver. 14. The psalmist seems to intend to insert such reference to
man, the only toiler, in all his pictures. "Leviathan" is probably
here the whale. Ewald, Hitzig, Baethgen, Kay, and Cheyne follow the
LXX. and Vulgate in reading "Leviathan whom Thou hast formed to sport
with him," and take the words to refer to Job xli. 5. The thought
would then be that God's power can control the mightiest creatures'
plunges; but "the two preceding 'there's are in favour of the usual
interpretation, 'therein'" (Hupfeld), and consequently of taking the
"sporting" to be that of the unwieldy gambols of the sea-monster.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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