312 (return) [ Mrs. Oliphant, in her novel of ‘Miss Majoribanks,’ p. 362. All this reacts on the brain, and prostration soon follows with collapsed muscles and dulled eyes. As associated habit no longer prompts the sufferer to action, he is urged by his friends to voluntary exertion, and not to give way to silent, motionless grief. Exertion stimulates the heart, and this reacts on the brain, and aids the mind to bear its heavy load.] 401 (return) [ See the evidence on this head in my ‘Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication,’ vol. i. p. 27. On the cooing of pigeons, vol. i. pp. 154, 155.] 402 (return) [ ‘Essays, Scientific, Political, and Speculative,’ 1858. ‘The Origin and Function of Music,’ p. 359.] 403 (return) [ ‘The Descent of Man,’ 1870, vol. ii. p. 332. The words quoted are from Professor Owen. It has lately been shown that some quadrupeds much lower in the scale than monkeys, namely Rodents, are able to produce correct musical tones: see the account of a singing Hesperomys, by the Rev. S. Lockwood, in the ‘American Naturalist,’ vol. v. December, 1871, p. 761.] 404 (return) [ Mr. Tylor (‘Primitive Culture,’ 1871, vol. i. p. 166), in his discussion on this subject, alludes to the whining of the dog.] 405 (return) [ ‘Naturgeschichte der Säugethiere von Paraguay,’ 1830, s. 46.] 406 (return) [ Quoted by Gratiolet, ‘De la Physionomie,’ 1865, p. 115.] 407 (return) [ ‘Théorie Physiologique de la Musique,’ Paris, 1868, P. 146. Helmholtz has also fully discussed in this profound work the relation of the form of the cavity of the mouth to the production of vowel-sounds.] 408 (return) [ I have given some details on this subject in my ‘Descent of Man,’ vol. i. pp. 352, 384.] 409 (return) [ As quoted in Huxley’s ‘Evidence as to Man’s Place in Nature,’ 1863, p. 52.] 410 (return) [ Illust. Thierleben, 1864, B. i. s. 130.] 411 (return) [ The Hon. J. Caton, Ottawa Acad. of Nat. Sciences, May, 1868, pp. 36, 40. For the _Capra, Ægagrus_, ‘Land and Water,’ 1867, p. 37.] 412 (return) [ ‘Land and Water,’ July 20, 1867, p. 659.] 413 (return) [ _Phaeton rubricauda_: ‘Ibis,’ vol. iii. 1861, p. 180.] 414 (return) [ On the _Strix flammea_, Audubon, ‘Ornithological Biography,’ 1864, vol. ii. p. 407. I have observed other cases in the Zoological Gardens.] 415 (return) [ _Melopsittacus undulatus_. See an account of its habits by Gould, ‘Handbook of Birds of Australia,’ 1865, vol. ii. p. 82.] 416 (return) [ See, for instance, the account which I have given (‘Descent of Man,’ vol. ii. p. 32) of an Anolis and Draco.] 417 (return) [ These muscles are described in his well-known works. I am greatly indebted to this distinguished observer for having given me in a letter information on this same subject.] 418 (return) [ ‘Lehrbuch der Histologie des Menschen,’ 1857, s. 82. I owe to Prof. W. Turner’s kindness an extract from this work.] 419 (return) [ ‘Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science,’ 1853, vol. i. p. 262.]