The Extermination of the American BisonHornaday, William T. (William Temple)
History
The Extermination of the American Bison
Hornaday, William T. (William Temple)
American bison; Wildlife conservation -- United States -- Sources
Yet all this time the cattlemen have had it in their power, by the
easiest and simplest method in the world, to introduce a strain of hardy
native blood in their stock which would have made it capable of
successfully resisting a much greater degree of hunger and cold. It is
really surprising that the desirability of cross-breeding the buffalo
and domestic cattle should for so long a time have been either
overlooked or disregarded. While cattle-growers generally have shown the
greatest enterprise in producing special breeds for milk, for butter, or
for beef, cattle with short horns and cattle with no horns at all, only
two or three men have had the enterprise to try to produce a breed
particularly hardy and capable.
A buffalo can weather storms and outlive hunger and cold which would
kill any domestic steer that ever lived. When nature placed him on the
treeless and blizzard-swept plains, she left him well equipped to
survive whatever natural conditions he would have to encounter. The most
striking feature of his entire _tout ensemble_ is his magnificent suit
of hair and fur combined, the warmest covering possessed by any
quadruped save the musk-ox. The head, neck, and fore quarters are
clothed with hide and hair so thick as to be almost, if not entirely,
impervious to cold. The hair on the body and hind quarters is long,
fine, very thick, and of that peculiar woolly quality which constitutes
the best possible protection against cold. Let him who doubts the warmth
of a good buffalo robe try to weather a blizzard with something else,
and then try the robe. The very form of the buffalo--short, thick legs,
and head hung very near the ground--suggests most forcibly a special
fitness to wrestle with mother earth for a living, snow or no snow. A
buffalo will flounder for days through deep snow-drifts without a morsel
of food, and survive where the best range steer would literally freeze
on foot, bolt upright, as hundreds did in the winter of 1886-'87. While
range cattle turn tail to a blizzard and drift helplessly, the buffalo
faces it every time, and remains master of the situation.
It has for years been a surprise to me that Western stockmen have not
seized upon the opportunity presented by the presence of the buffalo to
improve the character of their cattle. Now that there are no longer any
buffalo calves to be had on the plains for the trouble of catching them,
and the few domesticated buffaloes that remain are worth fabulous
prices, we may expect to see a great deal of interest manifested in this
subject, and some costly efforts made to atone for previous lack of
forethought.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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