The Extermination of the American BisonHornaday, William T. (William Temple)
History
The Extermination of the American Bison
Hornaday, William T. (William Temple)
American bison; Wildlife conservation -- United States -- Sources
The three hunters composing the party whose record is narrated in the
interesting sketch referred to, went out from Miles City on October 23,
1882, due east to the bad lands between the Powder River and O'Fallon
Creek, and were on the range all winter. They found comparatively few
buffaloes, and secured only two hundred and eighty-six robes, which they
sold at an average price of $2.20 each. They saved and marketed a large
quantity of meat, for which they obtained 3 cents per pound. They found
the whole region in which they hunted fairly infested with Indians and
half-breeds, all hunting buffalo.
The hunting season which began in October, 1882, and ended in February,
1883, finished the annihilation of the great northern herd, and left but
a few small bauds of stragglers, numbering only a very few thousand
individuals all told. A noted event of the season was the retreat
northward across the Yellowstone of the immense herd mentioned by
Lieutenant Partello as containing seventy-five thousand head; others
estimated the number at fifty thousand; and the event is often spoken of
to-day by frontiersmen who were in that region at the time. Many think
that the whole great body went north into British territory, and that
there is still a goodly remnant of it in some remote region between the
Peace River and the Saskatchewan, or somewhere there, which will yet
return to the United States. Nothing could be more illusory than this
belief. In the first place, the herd never reached the British line,
and, if it had, it would have been promptly annihilated by the hungry
Blackfeet and Cree Indians, who were declared to be in a half-starved
condition, through the disappearance of the buffalo, as early as 1879.
The great herd that "went north" was utterly extinguished by the white
hunters along the Missouri River and the Indians living north of it. The
only vestige of it that remained was a band of about two hundred
individuals that took refuge in the labyrinth of ravines and creek
bottoms that lie west of the Musselshell between Flat Willow and Box
Elder Creeks, and another band of about seventy-five which settled in
the bad lands between the head of the Big Dry and Big Porcupine Creeks,
where a few survivors were found by the writer in 1886.
South of the Northern Pacific Railway, a band of about three hundred
settled permanently in and around the Yellowstone National Park, but in
a very short time every animal outside of the protected limits of the
park was killed, and whenever any of the park buffaloes strayed beyond
the boundary they too were promptly killed for their heads and hides. At
present the number remaining in the park is believed by Captain Harris,
the superintendent, to be about two hundred; about one-third of which is
due to breeding in the protected territory.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account