The Extermination of the American BisonHornaday, William T. (William Temple)
History
The Extermination of the American Bison
Hornaday, William T. (William Temple)
American bison; Wildlife conservation -- United States -- Sources
A little bit of Montana--a small square patch from the wildest part of
the wild West--has been transferred to the National Museum. It is so
little that Montana will never miss it, but enough to enable one who has
the faintest glimmer of imagination to see it all for himself--the
hummocky prairie, the buffalo-grass, the sage-brush, and the buffalo. It
is as though a little group of buffalo that have come to drink at a pool
had been suddenly struck motionless by some magic spell, each in a
natural attitude, and then the section of prairie, pool, buffalo, and
all had been carefully cut out and brought to the National Museum. All
this is in a huge glass case, the largest ever made for the Museum. This
case and the space about it, at the south end of the south hall, has
been inclosed by high screens for many days while the taxidermist and
his assistants have been at work. The finishing touches were put on
to-day, and the screens will be removed Monday, exposing to view what is
regarded as a triumph of the taxidermist's art. The group, with its
accessories, has been prepared so as to tell in an attractive way to the
general visitor to the Museum the story of the buffalo, but care has
been taken at the same time to secure an accuracy of detail that will
satisfy the critical scrutiny of the most technical naturalist.
THE ACCESSORIES.
The pool of water is a typical alkaline water-hole, such as are found on
the great northern range of bison, and are resorted to for water by wild
animals in the fall when the small streams are dry. The pool is in a
depression in the dry bed of a coulée or small creek. A little mound
that rises beside the creek has been partially washed away by the water,
leaving a crumbling bank, which shows the strata of the earth, a very
thin layer of vegetable soil, beneath a stratum of grayish earth, and a
layer of gravel, from which protrude a fossil bone or two. The whole
bank shows the marks of erosion by water. Near by the pool a small
section of the bank has fallen. A buffalo trail passes by the pool in
front. This is a narrow path, well beaten down, depressed, and bare of
grass. Such paths were made by herds of bison all over their pasture
region as they traveled down water-courses, in single file, searching
for water. In the grass some distance from the pool lie the bleaching
skulls of two buffalo who have fallen victims to hunters who have
cruelly lain in wait to get a shot at the animals as they come to
drink. Such relics, strewn all over the plain, tell the story of the
extermination of the American bison. About the pool and the sloping
mound grow the low buffalo-grass, tufts of tall bunch-grass and
sage-brush, and a species of prickly pear. The pool is clear and
tranquil. About its edges is a white deposit of alkali. These are the
scenic accessories of the buffalo group, but they have an interest
almost equal to that of the buffaloes themselves, for they form really
and literally a genuine bit of the West.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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