The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
Should any of us be locked up in a ground-room, where in a yard
joining to it, there was a thriving good humoured child at play,
of two or three years old, so near us that through the grates of the
window we could almost touch it with our hand; and if while we took
delight in the harmless diversion, and imperfect prittle-prattle of the
innocent babe, a nasty overgrown sow should come in upon the child,
set it a screaming, and frighten it out of its wits; it is natural
to think, that this would make us uneasy, and that with crying out,
and making all the menacing noise we could, we should endeavour to
drive the sow away. But if this should happen to be an half-starved
creature, that, mad with hunger, went roaming about in quest of food,
and we should behold the ravenous brute, in spite of our cries, and
all the threatening gestures we could think of, actually lay hold of
the helpless infant, destroy and devour it; to see her widely open
her destructive jaws, and the poor lamb beat down with greedy haste;
to look on the defenceless posture of tender limbs first trampled on,
then tore asunder; to see the filthy snout digging in the yet living
entrails, suck up the smoking blood, and now and then to hear the
crackling of the bones, and the cruel animal with savage pleasure
grunt over the horrid banquet; to hear and see all this, what tortures
would it give the soul beyond expression! let me see the most shining
virtue the moralists have to boast of, so manifest either to the
person possessed of it, or those who behold his actions: let me see
courage, or the love of ones country so apparent without any mixture,
cleared and distinct, the first from pride and anger, the other from
the love of glory, and every shadow of self-interest, as this pity
would be cleared and distinct from all other passions. There would
be no need of virtue or self-denial to be moved at such a scene;
and not only a man of humanity, of good morals and commiseration,
but likewise an highwayman, an house-breaker, or a murderer could
feel anxieties on such an occasion; how calamitous soever a man's
circumstances might be, he would forget his misfortunes for the time,
and the most troublesome passion would give way to pity, and not one
of the species has a heart so obdurate or engaged, that it would not
ache at such a sight, as no language has an epithet to fit it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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