The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
The governors are made of the middling people, and many inferior to
that class are made use of, if the forwardness of their zeal can
but over-balance the meanness of their condition. If you should
ask these worthy rulers, why they take upon them so much trouble,
to the detriment of their own affairs and loss of time, either
singly or the whole body of them, they would all unanimously answer,
that it is the regard they have for religion and the church, and the
pleasure they take in contributing to the good, and eternal welfare
of so many poor innocents, that in all probability would run into
perdition, in these wicked times of scoffers and freethinkers. They
have no thought of interest; even those who deal in and provide these
children with what they want, have not the least design of getting by
what they sell for their use; and though in every thing else, their
avarice and greediness after lucre be glaringly conspicuous, in this
affair they are wholly divested from selfishness, and have no worldly
ends. One motive above all, which is none of the least with the most
of them, is to be carefully concealed, I mean the satisfaction there
is in ordering and directing: there is a melodious sound in the word
governor, that is charming to mean people: every body admires sway
and superiority; even imperium in belluas has its delights: there
is a pleasure in ruling over any thing; and it is this chiefly that
supports human nature in the tedious slavery of school-masters. But
if there be the least satisfaction in governing the children, it must
be ravishing to govern the school-master himself. What fine things
are said and perhaps wrote to a governor, when a school-master is to
be chosen! How the praises tickle, and how pleasant it is not to find
out the fulsomeness of the flattery, the stiffness of the expressions,
or the pedantry of the stile!
Those who can examine nature, will always find, that what these people
most pretend to is the least, and what they utterly deny their greatest
motive. No habit or quality is more easily acquired than hypocrisy,
nor any thing sooner learned than to deny the sentiments of our hearts,
and the principle we act from: but the seeds of every passion are
innate to us, and nobody comes into the world without them. If we will
mind the pastimes and recreations of young children, we shall observe
nothing more general in them, than that all who are suffered to do it,
take delight in playing with kittens and little puppy dogs. What makes
them always lugging and pulling the poor creatures about the house,
proceeds from nothing else but that they can do with them what they
please, and put them into what posture and shape they list; and the
pleasure they receive from this, is originally owing to the love of
dominion, and that usurping temper all mankind are born with.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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