The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
Some few there are, that are not addicted to any of these failings,
and understand their duty besides; but as these are rarities, so there
is not one in fifty but what over-rates himself; his wages must be
extravagant, and you can never have done giving him; every thing in
the house is his perquisite, and he will not stay with you unless
his vails are sufficient to maintain a middling family; and though
you had taken him from the dunghill, out of an hospital, or a prison,
you shall never keep him longer than he can make of his place, what
in his high estimation of himself he shall think he deserves; nay,
the best and most civilized, that never were saucy and impertinent,
will leave the most indulgent master, and, to get handsomely away,
frame fifty excuses, and tell downright lies, as soon as they can mend
themselves. A man, who keeps an half-crown or twelve-penny ordinary,
looks not more for money from his customers, than a footman does
from every guest that dines or sups with his master; and I question
whether the one does not often think a shilling or half-a-crown,
according to the quality of the person, his due as much as the other.
A housekeeper, who cannot afford to make many entertainments, and
does not often invite people to his table, can have no creditable
man-servant, and is forced to take up with some country booby, or
other awkward fellow, who will likewise give him the slip, as soon
as he imagines himself fit for any other service, and is made wiser
by his rascally companions. All noted eating-houses, and places that
many gentlemen resort to for diversion or business, more especially
the precincts of Westminster-hall, are the great schools for servants,
where the dullest fellows may have their understandings improved;
and get rid at once of their stupidity and their innocence. They are
the academies for footmen, where public lectures are daily read, on
all sciences of low debauchery, by the experienced professors of them;
and students are instructed in above seven hundred illiberal arts, how
to cheat, impose upon, and find out the blind side of their masters,
with so much application, that in few years they become graduates in
iniquity. Young gentlemen and others, that are not thoroughly versed
in the world, when they get such knowing sharpers in their service,
are commonly indulging above measure; and for fear of discovering
their want of experience, hardly dare to contradict or deny them any
thing, which is often the reason, that by allowing them unreasonable
privileges, they expose their ignorance when they are most endeavouring
to conceal it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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