The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
Most people of any taste would like such a conversation, and justly
prefer it to being alone, when they knew not how to spend their time;
but if they could employ themselves in something from which they
expected, either a more solid or a more lasting satisfaction, they
would deny themselves this pleasure, and follow what was of greater
consequence to them. But would not a man, though he had seen no
mortal in a fortnight, remain alone as much longer, rather than get
into company of noisy fellows, that take delight in contradiction,
and place a glory in picking a quarrel? Would not one that has books
read for ever, or set himself to write upon some subject or other,
rather than be every night with party-men who count the island to
be good for nothing, while their adversaries are suffered to live
upon it? Would not a man be by himself a month, and go to bed before
seven a clock, rather than mix with fox-hunters, who having all day
long tried in vain to break their necks, join at night in a second
attempt upon their lives by drinking, and to express their mirth,
are louder in senseless sounds within doors, than their barking and
less troublesome companions are only without? I have no great value
for a man who would not rather tire himself with walking; or if he was
shut up scatter pins about the room in order to pick them up again,
than keep company for six hours with half a score common sailors the
day their ship was paid off.
I will grant, nevertheless, that the greatest part of mankind,
rather than be alone any considerable time, would submit to the
things I named: but I cannot see, why this love of company, this
strong desire after society, should be construed so much in our
favour, and alleged as a mark of some intrinsic worth in man, not to
be found in other animals. For to prove from it the goodness of our
nature, and a generous love in man, extended beyond himself on the
rest of his species, by virtue of which he was a sociable creature,
this eagerness after company and aversion of being alone, ought to
have been most conspicuous, and most violent in the best of their
kind; the men of the greatest genius, parts and accomplishments,
and those who are the least subject to vice; the contrary of which
is true. The weakest minds, who can the least govern their passions,
guilty consciences that abhor reflexion, and the worthless, who are
incapable of producing any thing of their own that is useful, are
the greatest enemies to solitude, and will take up with any company
rather than be without; whereas, the men of sense and of knowledge,
that can think and contemplate on things, and such as are but little
disturbed by their passions, can bear to be by themselves the longest
without reluctancy; and, to avoid noise, folly, and impertinence,
will run away from twenty companies; and, rather than meet with any
thing disagreeable to their good taste, will prefer their closet or
a garden, nay, a common or a desert to the society of some men.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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