The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
any account whatever. The subject is not diverting: besides, every
body is supposed to know those things, and to take care accordingly;
nay, it is unmannerly to think otherwise. The decency in fashion
being the chief, if not the only, rule, all modish people walk by,
not a few of them go to church, and receive the sacrament, from the
same principle that obliges them to pay visits to one another, and
now and then to make an entertainment. But as the greatest care of
the beau monde is to be agreeable, and appear well-bred, so most of
them take particular care, and many against their consciences, not
to seem burdened with more religion than it is fashionable to have,
for fear of being thought to be either hypocrites or bigots.
Virtue, however, is a very fashionable word, and some of the most
luxurious are extremely fond of the amiable sound; though they
mean nothing by it, but a great veneration for whatever is courtly
or sublime, and an equal aversion to every thing that is vulgar or
unbecoming. They seem to imagine, that it chiefly consists in a strict
compliance to the rules of politeness, and all the laws of honour,
that have any regard to the respect that is due to themselves. It is
the existence of this virtue, that is often maintained with so much
pomp of words, and for the eternity of which so many champions are
ready to take up arms: whilst the votaries of it deny themselves
no pleasure, they can enjoy, either fashionably or in secret,
and, instead of sacrificing the heart to the love of real virtue,
can only condescend to abandon the outward deformity of vice, for
the satisfaction they receive from appearing to be well-bred. It is
counted ridiculous for men to commit violence upon themselves, or to
maintain, that virtue requires self-denial: all court philosophers are
agreed, that nothing can be lovely or desirable, that is mortifying or
uneasy. A civil behaviour among the fair in public, and a deportment
inoffensive both in words and actions, is all the chastity the polite
world requires in men. What liberties soever a man gives himself in
private, his reputation shall never suffer, whilst he conceals his
amours from all those that are not unmannerly inquisitive, and takes
care that nothing criminal can ever be proved upon him. Si non caste,
saltem caute, is a precept that sufficiently shows what every body
expects; and though incontinence is owned to be a sin, yet never to
have been guilty of it is a character which most single men under
thirty would not be fond of, even amongst modest women.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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