The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
The mischief, then, to be feared from luxury among the people of war,
cannot extend itself beyond the officers. The greatest of them are
either men of a very high birth and princely education, or else
extraordinary parts, and no less experience; and whoever is made
choice of by a wise government to command an army en chef, should have
a consummate knowledge in martial affairs, intrepidity to keep him
calm in the midst of danger, and many other qualifications that must
be the work of time and application, on men of a quick penetration,
a distinguished genius, and a world of honour. Strong sinews and supple
joints are trifling advantages, not regarded in persons of their reach
and grandeur, that can destroy cities a-bed, and ruin whole countries
while they are at dinner. As they are most commonly men of great age,
it would be ridiculous to expect a hale constitution and agility of
limbs from them: So their heads be but active and well furnished, it
is no great matter what the rest of their bodies are. If they cannot
bear the fatigue of being on horseback, they may ride in coaches, or
be carried in litters. Mens conduct and sagacity are never the less
for their being cripples, and the best general the king of France
has now, can hardly crawl along. Those that are immediately under
the chief commanders must be very nigh of the same abilities, and
are generally men that have raised themselves to those posts by their
merit. The other officers are all of them in their several stations
obliged to lay out so large a share of their pay in fine clothes,
accoutrements, and other things, by the luxury of the times called
necessary, that they can spare but little money for debauches; for,
as they are advanced, and their salaries raised, so they are likewise
forced to increase their expences and their equipages, which, as well
as every thing else, must still be proportionable to their quality:
by which means, the greatest part of them are in a manner hindered
from those excesses that might be destructive to health; while their
luxury thus turned another way, serves, moreover, to heighten their
pride and vanity, the greatest motives to make them behave themselves
like what they would be thought to be (See Remark on l. 321).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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