The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
Mankind are very willing to take one another's word, when they see some
circumstances that corroborate what is told them; but when our actions
directly contradict what we say, it is counted impudence to desire
belief. If a jolly hale fellow, with glowing cheeks and warm hands,
newly returned from some smart exercise, or else the cold bath, tells
us in frosty weather, that he cares not for the fire, we are easily
induced to believe him, especially if he actually turns from it, and
we know by his circumstances, that he wants neither fuel nor clothes:
but if we should hear the same from the mouth of a poor starved wretch,
with swelled hands, and a livid countenance, in a thin ragged garment,
we should not believe a word of what he said, especially if we saw
him shaking and shivering, creep toward the sunny bank; and we would
conclude, let him say what he could, that warm clothes, and a good
fire, would be very acceptable to him. The application is easy, and
therefore if there be any clergy upon earth that would be thought not
to care for the world, and to value the soul above the body, let them
only forbear showing a greater concern for their sensual pleasures
than they generally do for their spiritual ones, and they may rest
satisfied, that no poverty, while they bear it with fortitude, will
ever bring them into contempt, how mean soever their circumstances
may be.
Let us suppose a pastor that has a little flock intrusted to him,
of which he is very careful: He preaches, visits, exhorts, reproves
among his people with zeal and prudence, and does them all the kind
offices that lie in his power to make them happy. There is no doubt
but those under his care must be very much obliged to him. Now, we
shall suppose once more, that this good man, by the help of a little
self-denial, is contented to live upon half his income, accepting
only of twenty pounds a-year instead of forty, which he could claim;
and moreover, that he loves his parishioners so well, that he will
never leave them for any preferment whatever, no not a bishoprick,
though it be offered. I cannot see but all this might be an easy
task to a man who professes mortification, and has no value for
worldly pleasures; yet such a disinterested divine, I dare promise,
notwithstanding the degeneracy of mankind, will be loved, esteemed,
and have every body's good word; nay, I would swear, that though he
should yet further exert himself, give above half of his small revenue
to the poor, live upon nothing but oatmeal and water, lie upon straw,
and wear the coarsest cloth that could be made, his mean way of living
would never be reflected on, or be a disparagement either to himself
or the order he belonged to; but that on the contrary his poverty would
never be mentioned but to his glory, as long as his memory should last.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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