The Fair Play Settlers of the West Branch Valley, 1769-1784: A Study of Frontier EthnographyWolf, George D.
History
The Fair Play Settlers of the West Branch Valley, 1769-1784: A Study of Frontier Ethnography
Wolf, George D.
Frontier and pioneer life -- Pennsylvania; Lycoming County (Pa.) -- History
Some corroboration for the legendary tale of a "Fair Play Declaration of
Independence" was found in the course of this study. Although
consisting, in the main, of accounts culled from the records of
Revolutionary War pension claimants made some eighty years after the
event, the evidence is that of a contemporary.[16] However, the most
common objection to this conclusion, that the Fair Play declaration was
merely the reading of a copy of Jefferson's Declaration, is
unsubstantiated by the archival descriptions.[17] Perhaps the Fair Play
declaration is apocryphal, but, lacking valid disclaimers, the Hamilton
data offer some basis for a judgment. It is the tentative conclusion of
this writer that there was such a declaration on the banks of Pine Creek
in July of 1776.
The Fair Play territory was truly "an area of free land" in which a "new
order of Americanism" emerged.[18] Individualistic and self-reliant of
necessity, the pioneers of this farmers' frontier rationally developed
their solution to the problem of survival in the wilderness, a
democratic squatter sovereignty. With land readily available and a free
labor system to work it, provided that the family was large enough to
assure sufficient "hands," these agrarian frontiersmen not only
cultivated the soil but also a free society. And their cooperative
spirit, despite their mixed national origins, was markedly noticeable at
harvesttime. From such spirit are communities formed, and from such
communities a democratic society emerges.
This analysis has not only described the geography and demography, the
politics and economics of the Fair Play settlers; it has also examined
the basis and structure of this society, including the value system
which undergirded it. The results have pictured the religious liberty
extant in a frontier society isolated from any regular or established
church, a liberty of conscience which left each man free to worship
according to the dictates of his own faith. This freedom, this right to
choose for himself, made the Fair Play settler surprisingly receptive to
other groups and their practices, practices which he was free to reject,
and often did.[19] This analysis has also pointed up the class structure
and its significance in promoting order in a frontier community. And
finally, an examination of the value system of these Pennsylvania
pioneers has provided an understanding of why they behaved as they did.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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