In conclusion, then, what can be said regarding the leadership of the Fair Play settlers? Except for the dangers from Indian hostility, which were compounded by the settlers' limited manpower, the leadership was more than adequate, one might say eminently successful, in meeting the needs of the frontier. It enacted law, interpreted it, and saw to it that the law was carried out on every political level with which the West Branch pioneers had contact. In short, it gave them a government of, by, and for themselves. This was _real_ representation by spokesmen of a small community, very different from _virtual_ representation in a distant Parliament, from which their independence had now been declared. FOOTNOTES: [1] Edwin MacMinn, _On the Frontier with Colonel Antes_ (Camden, N. J., 1900). This book is a mosaic of primary and secondary sources dealing with the entire area, rather than a standard biographical treatment of its particular subject. [2] Merle Curti, _The Making of an American Community: A Case Study of Democracy in a Frontier County_ (Stanford, 1959), pp. 417-441. This entire fifteenth chapter is devoted to both a quantitative and qualitative analysis of "leadership." [3] Wealth, i.e., liquid assets, was not necessarily a criterion on this agrarian frontier, where a man's assets were not easily convertible into cash. Hence, property was the main economic source of value. [4] The records of the first State and county officers are found in the _Pennsylvania Archives_, Second Series, III, 768-772, and John Blair Linn, _Annals of Buffalo Valley_ (Harrisburg, 1877), pp. 558-563. Some data are also available in Linn, _History of Centre and Clinton Counties_. The tax listings were located in the _Pennsylvania Archives_, Third Series, XIX, 437, 468, 557, and 618-622. Mrs. Russell also collected a listing for the years 1774 to 1800 for Northumberland County. Court records, pension claims, Meginness' _Otzinachson_ (1889) and _Frontier Forts of Pennsylvania_ provided the remaining data. [5] MacMinn, _On the Frontier with Colonel Antes_, p. 19. [6] _Ibid._, pp. 20-21. MacMinn also calls the senior Antes the father of the Unity Conferences of Christian Endeavor and presents a copy of a letter written on Dec. 17, 1741, calling for a New Year's Day meeting of Christians in Germantown in 1742 in support of this statement. Of his minor judicial role, MacMinn offers this account published in Christopher Saur's _Pensylvanische Berichte_ for May 16, 1756: "Were such magistrates more numerous, the poor would not have cause to complain and to weep over gross injustices which they have to suffer because persons are respected." [7] _Ibid._, p. 248. [8] Meginness, _Otzinachson_ (1889), p. 484. _See also_, MacMinn, _On the Frontier with Colonel Antes_, p. 324. [9] MacMinn, _On the Frontier with Colonel Antes_, pp. 316, 413; and _Pennsylvania Archives_, Second Series, III, p. 769. [10] Linn, _History of Centre and Clinton Counties_, p. 472.