[8] Ranney and Kendall, _Democracy and the American Party System_, p. 47. The authors argue here that the history of town meetings in America and the Parliamentary system in Great Britain shows hundreds of years without majority tyranny or civil war. [9] Chapter Six, pp. 78, 84. [10] _Pennsylvania Archives_, Second Series, III, 770. For example, John Chatham, an English miller, was elected coroner in 1782, a minor role to be sure, but he was supported. [11] Smith, _Laws_, II, 196-197. In _Sweeney_ vs. _Toner_, an Englishman, Toner's property right was upheld because his absence was for military service, despite the fact that Sweeney, a Scotch-Irishman, was a majority representative. [12] Linn, "Indian Land and Its Fair Play Settlers," p. 424. The case cited here, _Huff_ vs. _Satcha_, saw the use of militia to drive off a landholder whose title had been denied by the Fair Play men. [13] _Pennsylvania Archives_, Second Series, III, 217-218, 417-418, and 518-522. On page 417, fifty-three officers and soldiers are described as "early in the service from the unpurchased land." Thirty-nine petitioners (p. 520) sought pre-emption, a claim repeated over two years later by some fifty-three settlers. The petition to the Supreme Council (p. 217) for protection from the Indians in 1778 prior to the Great Runaway bore forty-seven names. [14] _See_ Chapter Two for a demographic analysis of the Fair Play settlers. [15] Clark, "Pioneer Life in the New Purchase," p. 28. [16] "Eleanor Coldren's Deposition," p. 222. [17] _Ibid._ [18] _See_ Chapter One for the geographic bounds of the Fair Play territory. The Fair Play territory did not come under State jurisdiction until the second Stanwix Treaty in 1784. Regardless, it must be remembered that settlers on the south bank of the Susquehanna actually participated in the political, economic, and social life of the community. The fact that these participants were often community leaders was pointed out in Chapter Six. [19] _See_ the footnotes in Chapter Five referring to _The Journal of William Colbert_. [20] Smith, _Laws_, II, 195. [21] Leyburn, _The Scotch-Irish_, pp. 311-314. [22] _The Journal of William Colbert._ Colbert had been received at Annanias McFaddon's (Aug. 20, 1792, Sept. 4, 1793) and John Hamilton's (July 23, 1792, Aug. 20, 1793), where he both preached and lodged. Both were Presbyterians, and, as noted earlier, Colbert expressed grave doubts concerning his efforts there. [23] "Diary of the Unknown Traveler," p. 307. [24] Turner, _Frontier and Section_, p. 5. CHAPTER EIGHT _Frontier Ethnography and the Turner Thesis_