[185] The Persian term for this is Namaz, a word in commoner use in India than Sulat. Both terms will henceforth be employed. [186] There is a Tradition to the effect that "the whole body of him who says the name of God when making wazu will be clean; whereas, if he says it not, only the part washed will be pure." [187] Before commencing the wazu, say: "I am going to purify myself from all bodily uncleanness preparatory to commencing prayer, that holy act of duty, which will draw my soul near to the throne of the Most High. In the name of God, the Great and Mighty. Praise be to God who has given us grace to be Muslims. Islam is a truth and infidelity a falsehood." When cleaning the teeth say: "Vouchsafe O God, as I clean my teeth, to purify me from my faults and accept my homage. O Lord, may the purity of my teeth be for me a pledge of the whiteness of my face at the day of judgment." When washing the nostrils say: "O my God, if I am pleasing in Thy sight, perfume me with the odours of Paradise." When washing the right hand say: "O my God, on the day of judgment, place the book of my actions in my right hand, and examine my account with favour." When washing the left hand, say: "O my God, place not at the resurrection the book of my actions in my left hand." Similar prayers are said at each act. [188] From the account which follows it will be seen that the term Namaz expresses what we term a 'Service.' The word for prayer in the ordinary sense is 'Du'a.' [189] It is taken from the Sirat-un-Najat, pp. 30-33. [190] As the use of bells is unlawful a man is employed to call the people to prayers. [191] "God is Great." [192] The followers of Imam As-Shafa'i and the women of all sects place the hands upon the breast. The feet should be about four inches apart; women stand with the feet close together. [193] The second rak'at begins here: all that precedes is only repeated at the first rak'at. [194] A fixed portion is said in each rak'at during the nights of Ramazan, which portion is then called a ruku'. (Ante. p. 57.) [195] In a mosque the Imam says the first sentences alone; the people the second. [196] Women in the Sijda keep all the limbs of the body close together, and put both feet at right angles to the body. If their face is Qibla-wards it is sufficient. [197] Here the Shia'hs say:--"I rise and sit by the power of God." [198] This is said at the close of every two rak'ats. [199] The Shia'hs stop here and omit the rest. [200] The Shia'hs omit the Du'a and say: "Peace be on thee, O Prophet, with the mercy of God and His blessing. Peace be on us and on God's righteous servants." [201] The Fatva, or decree, will be found in a note at the end of this chapter. [202] I am indebted to Hughes' Notes on Muhammadanism for this excellent table. [203] The Musalli may say five or three witr rak'ats instead of seven. [204] Nur-ul-Hidaayat, p. 155. [205] In countries under Muslim rule he holds a wooden sword reversed.