The Farmer's Veterinarian: A Practical Treatise on the Diseases of Farm StockBurkett, Charles William
Science
The Farmer's Veterinarian: A Practical Treatise on the Diseases of Farm Stock
Burkett, Charles William
Veterinary medicine
=JAUNDICE.=--Until of recent date the disease in the human so common at
certain seasons of the year was unknown among animals, or, at least, if
present had never been discovered by the veterinary profession. But be
that as it may, we are now finding it in plenty among horses of all
ages, from colts up to aged horses; very prevalent among sheep, and
quite frequent among cattle. The early writers on veterinary science
usually attributed the cause to gall stones. But that theory can hardly
be tenable in this country, where we find it essentially more prevalent
on low, marshy soils or on the hill lands that have been long unplowed,
where animals are pastured, or hays are cut. The general symptoms of it
are a general dullness, hanging of the head as though it ached, or
pressing the head, if the animal be a bovine or sheep, against the barn
or stall. The tongue will be found dry or covered with a thick, sticky
slime. The membranes of the eyeball of a yellowish cast. In horses the
tongue will usually have a black coating. The appetite in all animals is
capricious. They will eat well one day and scarcely touch food the next.
As a rule, they will manifest great thirst, yet will drink but little.
There are exceptions to this, however. The voidings are not uniform.
Sometime the urine is quite high colored; at other times not. But, as a
rule, it is scanty. The feces are sometimes quite hard and covered with
a shiny slime. At other times there will be extreme looseness of the
evacuations. These last symptoms are to be well considered in using a
treatment when the voidings are hard and slimy. In case it is a horse
that is ailing, a physic of aloes should be given, one ounce being the
dose for a thousand pounds of horse, and two teaspoonfuls of podophylin.
Give this dissolved in water and pour down as a drench, and follow with
a bitter tonic for from two to four weeks, or until the voidings are
normal and all scurf is removed from the tongue. As a tonic for this
none is better than a mixture of powdered gentian root, six ounces,
powdered golden seal 2 ounces, powdered sulphate of iron 4 ounces, well
mixed in 1 pound of common salt. Give in the feed a tablespoonful in
ground oats three times a day, until improvement takes place. Then drop
to twice a day and later once a day. In case of the bowels being very
loose always give a pint dose of a mixture of castor oil 4 ounces, pure
raw linseed oil 12 ounces. Then follow with the tonic powder named. The
symptoms in cattle are quite similar to those of the horse, except the
bovine’s eyes usually discharge some, yet not profusely, and there are
frequently puffy swellings beneath their lower jaws. In case their
bowels are abnormally loose, give the oil as for the horse. If
constipated give from one to two pounds of Epsom salts at one dose as
the physic, with the podophylin added as for the horse, and follow with
the same tonic powder. In the case of sheep, which are by nature
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