The Farmer's Veterinarian: A Practical Treatise on the Diseases of Farm StockBurkett, Charles William
Science
The Farmer's Veterinarian: A Practical Treatise on the Diseases of Farm Stock
Burkett, Charles William
Veterinary medicine
=The Characteristic Symptom= is the spasmodic contraction of the
muscles. This may vary in the different individuals, depending on the
susceptibility of the animal and the quantity of poisonous toxin present
in the system. There is at first a slight stiffness of the muscles of
the back, neck, head, and limbs, and the animal is more nervous than
common. A noise in the stable or a slap with the hand may increase the
stiffness and contractions temporarily. The contracted condition of the
muscles of the eye, are, perhaps, the most noticeable early in the
disease. These muscles pull the eyeball backwards, the fatty cushion is
pressed on and the third eyelid protrudes, covering at times from
one-third to two-thirds of the front part of the eye. In the severe form
of the disease the muscles feel hard, especially those of the back and
neck, and the animal moves with difficulty. In addition to the muscular
symptoms, the respiration and pulse beats are quickened and the body
temperature higher than normal. The evidence of suffering from the
contracted condition of the muscles is very marked, and, unless
supported in some way, the animal may fall to the floor. If the symptoms
develop a few days after infection, the animal usually dies. The acute
form is very fatal, but in the mild or subacute form the chance for
making a recovery is good.
=Tetanus Is a Preventable Disease.= It may be largely prevented by the
careful disinfection of wounds, and the use of anti-tetanic serum. In
most localities the proper treatment of the wound is a sufficient
preventive measure, but in localities and stables where the disease is
common the anti-tetanic serum should be used. Ordinary cleansing of a
wound, as practiced by most stockmen, is not sufficient to destroy the
bacillus of tetanus. The wound must be carefully cleaned, disinfected
and prepared for healing. This should be kept in mind when treating a
wound, and instead of using an agent that we know little about, we
should secure reliable information regarding the different commercial
disinfectants and methods of caring for wounds. That class known as tar
disinfectants is most commonly used. The better grade belonging to this
class should be used.
If anti-tetanic serum is used, it should be injected as soon after the
injury has occurred as possible. The injection is made hypodermically,
usually beneath the skin on the side of the neck. Large doses of
anti-tetanic serum given after the symptoms have developed may assist
recovery. However, in the severe form of the disease this treatment is
uncertain.
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