The Feeding of School ChildrenBulkley, M. E. (Mildred Emily)
History
The Feeding of School Children
Bulkley, M. E. (Mildred Emily)
School children -- Food
Another disadvantage arising from the utilisation of the service of
voluntary workers alone, is that no sufficient control can be exercised
by the Central Authority to enforce a common policy. A certain amount of
latitude is desirable so as to allow scope for individual initiative and
experiment. But in the matter of selection of the children to be fed
want of uniformity is wholly to be condemned. The diversity in methods
that prevails is in effect amazing. In two schools situated almost side
by side, and drawing their children from the same streets, the
percentage fed may be, in the one case, two, in the other ten, fifteen
or even more.[424] We have found this lack of uniformity in other towns,
since the numbers fed depend very largely on the views taken by
individual teachers, but in London there is superadded the diversity
produced by the divergence of views of the different Care Committees. In
one Care Committee the socialist element will be predominant. In another
the work may be done on strictly "C.O.S." lines; the meals are regarded
simply as a form of relief, and the feeding-list is cut down to the
lowest limit.[425]
Footnote 424:
Thus in three schools in South London, attended by children whose home
circumstances were very similar, the majority of the parents being
casual labourers, the percentages of children who were receiving free
meals in March, 1913, were 1.8, 2.9 and 7.5. In another neighbouring
school, where the children were very little poorer, nineteen per cent.
were being fed.
Footnote 425:
The most extreme example of the "strict" type is the committee which
deals with a group of schools in St. George's-in-the-East. It is held
that, the provision of meals being merely a form of relief, the work
should be as far as possible dissociated from the school; the parents
do not make application to the teachers but to a central office.
The County Council has not found it possible to lay down any uniform
rule for the guidance of the committees.[426] Though, in a small number
of cases, the committee professes to have a scale, usually that laid
down by Rowntree,[427] in practice this is a very rough criterion,
frequently departed from, and the cases are all virtually decided on
their merits. Moreover, the policy of the same Care Committee even will
not always be a consistent one. The decision as to any particular case
will vary with the presence or absence of particular members of the
Committee.
Footnote 426:
"Having regard to the varying circumstances and conditions of
families, it is considered undesirable to fix a minimum wage which
would justify children being provided with school meals, and each case
should therefore be considered upon its own merits." (London County
Council, Handbook containing general information with reference to
Children's Care, 1912, p. 22.)
Footnote 427:
That is, 3s. for an adult and 2s. 3d. for a child. (_Poverty_, by B.
Seebohm Rowntree, 1901, p. 110.)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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