Parents, application for meals by, xv, 63-4, 71-5, 144, 150, 256; withdrawal of children from meals by, 70, 216-7; dislike of, to accept meals, 73-4, 217, 222, 223; co-operation of, 76, 77, 146; effect on responsibility of, 2, 23-4, 28, 45, 47, 76, 135, 202-18, 226, 254-5; abuse of provision of meals by, 42, 216; obligations of, increased, 11-2, 217, 226; neglect of children by, 24, 25, 32, 43_n_, 75, 112-3, 119, 129, 203-4, 215-6, 237. See also _Payment_ and _Recovery_ Paris, 24, 249-55 Parish Council, provision of meals by, in Edinburgh, 242-3 Payment, by parents for school meals, 4-5, 19, 25, 33, 37, 46, 47, 50-1, 62, 69, 106-12, 129, 136, 142, 154-6, 159, 223, 225-6; for children at Day Industrial Schools, 118; for children at Special Schools, 109, 120, 121, 129, 155, 156, 225, 244, 246_n_; in rural districts, 38, 109, 123, 124, 125, 225, 247; in Scotland, 241, 242, 245, 246; abroad, 251, 252, 253, 256, 257, 261, 268-9, 270. See also _Penny Dinners_ Peek, Sir Henry, 7, 9, 15, 124 "Penny Dinners," 11, 13, 15, 19. See also _Payment_ Perth, 238, 244-5 Philadelphia, 269 Physical Deterioration, 3, 27, 32, 33, 134, 262; Inter-Departmental Committee on, xi, 27, 29-32, 33, 38 Physical Test. See _Selection_ Physical Training (Scotland), Royal Commission on, xi, 27-9, 33, 242 Poor Law, Report of Royal Commission on (1834), 203, 214 Poor Law Guardians, inaction of, 14-5; inadequacy of relief given by, 14, 17-18_n_, 113-4, 116-7, 129, 165, 166; the authority for the provision of meals, xvi, 33_n_, 39_n_, 45, 46, 47_n_, 141; service of meals by, 43; no co-operation between Voluntary Agencies and, 14, 17; prosecution by, 14-5, 43; overlapping of, with Education Authorities, 51, 113-7, 129-30, 139, 163-6; representation of, on Canteen Committees, 58, 114_n_; payment for school meals by, 108_n_, 115-6, 130, 164, 165; payment for children in Day Industrial Schools by, 118_n_; provision of meals by, at Manchester, 14_n_. See also _Parish Council_, _Poor Rate_, and _Relief (School Children) Order_ Poor Laws, Royal Commission on (1909), 113, 119, 197_n_ Poor Rate, provision of meals from, 32, 39. See also _Poor Law Guardians_ Poplar, 164 Porridge, 78, 200, 201; effects of, 82, 190; as test, 200, 222 Portsmouth, 60_n_, 81, 83, 98, 103 Potteries, 195 Poverty Test. See _Selection_ Prevention of Cruelty to Children Act, 237 Prices, changes in, 20-1 Ragged School Union, 5 Ragged Schools, 2, 3, 4 Rates, expenditure on provision of meals from, 3, 28, 31, 34, 48, 54-5, 134, 135, 136-7, 141; in Scotland, 237, 238-9; limitation of amount to be spent from, xiv, 48, 56, 127, 238; provision of meals during holidays from, 56, 102, 103-5. See also _Education (Provision of Meals) Act (adoption of)_ and _Poor Rate_ Reading, 205