The men do all the building, and when a new garden is made the men cut
down the trees. Their hardest work is incident to war or hunting, but it
is occasional, and most of their time is spent in absolute idleness. The
regular work is done by the women. It is chiefly that of caring for the
gardens (which are sometimes far from the town), carrying home the
produce, gathering wood and carrying it from the forest, and cooking the
food. They rise at daylight and start for the gardens, leaving the care
of the babies to older children or to their husbands. I have seen the
husband of six wives taking care of several hungry babies whose mothers
have been long in the gardens; and it seemed to me that he, rather than
the wives, had the heavier end of the domestic responsibilities.
There is one other instinct besides that of matrimony that will stir the
dormant energy of the native, and that is the love of driving a bargain.
He is a born trader. But if prices, however high, should become
hopelessly fixed, and shrewdness have no advantage, I am not sure that
he would care any more for the trade.
Wherever a foreign government has not interfered with African custom the
produce of the interior, chiefly rubber and ivory, is carried from the
far interior, in brief stages, by successive caravans. The original
owners of the ivory start coastward in a company. Beyond a certain limit
they cannot go, as the people will not allow them to pass. They must
give over the ivory to others who will carry it over the next stage and
in turn deliver it to others. There may be five or six stages in the
journey to the coast. The first company when they deliver the produce to
the next do not return home but remain in the town of the second company
until their return, often assuming their marital relations in their
absence. The second company does the same in regard to the third, and
the others likewise. Since the goods received in payment must come from
the coast, no bargain is made until the return journey. The last company
carries the ivory to the coast and obtains goods in payment, returning
to their town, where the preceding company is waiting. Then follows a
great palaver and oceans of oratory. The company in possession seek to
keep as large a portion as possible of the goods and to give as little
as possible to the interior people. The palaver at last being settled,
this company starts for home and again, after an exciting palaver,
divides the goods with the next company, whom they find still waiting
for them. This is repeated with each successive stage until at last the
original owners, after weeks of waiting, get a small remainder of the
goods, or at least a souvenir, for their ivory. The principal
satisfaction is perhaps not the actual amount of the goods, but the big
palaver, and the driving of a shrewd bargain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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