The First Seven Divisions: Being a Detailed Account of the Fighting from Mons to YpresHamilton, Ernest, Lord
History
The First Seven Divisions: Being a Detailed Account of the Fighting from Mons to Ypres
Hamilton, Ernest, Lord
World War, 1914-1918 -- Campaigns -- Western Front
All that is aimed at, then, is to try and bring to the mind of the
reader, by a comparison of figures, some grasp of the immensity of the
performance of our troops east and south of Ypres, during the desperate
efforts of the enemy to break through in the last fortnight of October
and the first fortnight of November. It is worthy of note, too, that in
spite of the huge reinforcements brought up, no material advance was
made on the position taken over from us on November 1st. It is true
that on the day following, the newly-arrived French troops re-took
Wytschate and Messines, from which we had been driven, but they were
unable to hold those places, and the line along which they had found us
facing the enemy was never perceptibly advanced. The new line at the
beginning of November, held jointly by the French troops and British
cavalry, ran--roughly speaking--from Klein Zillebeke to Ploegsteert,
with a concave face which skirted Hollebeke, Wytschate, and Messines.
Our 1st Cavalry Division, supported by some units from the 2nd A.C.,
was withdrawn to Wulverghem, and the 2nd Cavalry Division went into
reserve at Bailleul. Neuve Eglise became our advanced base for that
part of the line, and was very quickly packed with British troops.
We have now taken a permanent farewell, as far as these pages are
concerned, of all occurrences south of the canal at Hollebeke. We have
seen the 2nd A.C. relieved by the Indians, and the Cavalry Corps
relieved by the French, and, with this change of guardianship, we have
seen two of the most important points in the line of defence pass out
of the keeping of the original Expeditionary Force.
Of that force the 1st A.C. alone (with the 7th Division, which it had
absorbed) still remained unrelieved east and south-east of Ypres. The
force, however, which now stood between the enemy and the possession of
Ypres, had by this time lost many of its distinctive characteristics.
The actual battalion units had become in most cases reduced to a mere
shadow of their original strength. The 7th Division had become part of
the 1st A.C., and several battalions of the 2nd A.C. were acting in
concert with this already mixed corps. Many of the brigades had been
broken up from their original constituents, and the fragments
consolidated into new and temporary brigades. Sir Horace was for the
moment an A.C. commander without an A.C., the remnants of his six
heroic brigades being scattered here and there along the whole front.
The first, and perhaps the most interesting, because the most
strenuous, epoch in the war--as far as it concerned the British
Force--was nearly closed; but not quite. Before that can be written of
it, some great deeds had yet to be done, and were done. The Germans
were still making continuous and determined efforts to break through to
Ypres by way of Klein Zillebeke, and to that particular zone of the
fighting our attention can henceforth be confined.
KLEIN ZILLEBEKE
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