R. Ramilies, battle of 64 Rattlesnake flag 1, 13, 87, 88 Raven of the Danes 13 Rebel colors burnt 70 Red ensign 40, 47, 58, 73, 80 Red flag of revolution 25, 59, 109 Relics of saints worked into flag 5 Religious character of early flags 4, 5, 22 Religious service 3, 103 Revenue flag, U.S.A. 93 Rey on the French flag 107 Rhode Island, flag of 87 Richard II., standard of 17 Ridre, standard of Sir William de 11 Riga, flag of port of 75 Ripon, St. Wilfrid's banner at 5 Rolls of arms 10 Rome, standards of ancient 2, 42 Roses as a flag device 16, 21 Rotterdam, flag of port of 75 Rouen, capture of 5, 38, 112 Roumania, flag of 121 Royal Colonial Institute 76 Royal Horse Artillery of 1813 19 Royal Marines 63 Royal Naval Reserve 40, 56, 57, 73, 79, 139 Royal Navy, flag code of the 133 Royal Oak on coins 88 Royal Standard 11, 29, 34, 48, 54, 59, 78 Royal United Service Museum 24, 125, 130, 131 Royal Yacht Squadron, flag of the 72 Royston, political colours at 8 Russia, flags of 24, 102, 103, 104, 105 Russian American Company's flag 26 S. Sacred monogram on flag 3 Salique law, operation of 36 Salmon as a flag device 82 Saluting the flag 26, 55, 56 {147} San Salvador, flag of 124 Sarawak, flag of 125 Sardinia, flag of 26 Savoy, flag of 27, 113, 123 Saxe-Coburg Gotha, flag of 101 Saxony, arms of 35 Saxony, flag of 100 Schomburg-Lippe, flag of 101 School of Army Signalling 128 "Scotland for ever" 70 Scots Greys 66 Scottish grievance as to arms 31, 45, 46, 53 Scottish variation of Union flag 46 Scott, quotation from 8, 29 Servia, flag of 121 Seven Champions of Christendom, 38 Seventeenth Lancers 66 Shakespeare, quotation from 15, 37 _Shannon_ and _Chesapeake_ duel 90 Shears as a device on trade flag 7 Siam, flag of kingdom of 125 Signal-book of _Chesapeake_ 133 Signalling by flags 20, 23, 127, _et seq._ Simon de Montfort, banner of, 12 Skull and cross-bones device 66 Sledge flags of Arctic expedition 16 South Australia, badge of 83 South Carolina, flag of 87, 88, 94 Southern Cross 30, 80, 96 Sovereignty of the seas 25, 26 Spain, flags of 1, 24, 110, 111, 112 Spelling, mediæval liberty of 6, 22 Spenser, quotation from 36 Sphinx as a badge 62, 63 Spoon and fork on trade flag 7 Standard, nature of the 14 St. Andrew, cross of 4, 35, 42, 43, 45, 53, 116 Stars and bars, C.S.A. 95, 96 Stars and stripes, U.S.A. 59 St. Denis, flag of 105 Stewart on tartans 1 St. Gallen, flag of 116 St. George, cross of 4, 10, 14, 16, 35, 39, 41, 45, 48, 53, 84, 87, 116 St. Helena, badge of colony of 84 Storm signals by flags 135 "Story of Thebes," quotation from 12 St. Patrick, cross of 4, 51, 53, 116