PLATE XV. 152 Confederate States of America. 153 Confederate, the Southern Cross. 154 Southern Cross, modified. 155 South Carolina State Flag, 1861. 156 Louisiana State Flag. 157 Chili, portion of Pendant. 158 South Carolina, 1775. 159 South Carolina State Flag, 1861. 160 Texas State Flag. 161 Chili, Commercial. 162 Guatemala, Flag of 1851. 163 Guatemala, Flag of 1858. PLATE XVI. 164 Colombia (formerly New Granada), Commercial. 165 Uruguay, General Service. 166 Guatemala, Government. 167 Costa Rica, Commercial. 168 Paraguay, Government. 169 Brazil, General Service. 170 Venezuela, Commercial. 171 Bolivia, Commercial. 172 Mexico, Government. 173 Portion of Pendant, Brazil. 174 Peru, Government. 175 San Salvador, General Service. 176 Argentine, Government. 177 Ecuador, Government. 178 Hayti, Commercial. PLATE XVII. 179 Oriflamme. 180, 181 Early French forms of Flag. 182 Soissonois Flag. 183 Bourbon Flag. 184 Standard of Charles VI. 185 Standard, French. 186 Man-of-War Pendant. 187 Standard, French. 188 Flag of French Guards, 1563. 189 Flag of Republic, France. 190 Tricolor of 1790. 191 Modern French Tricolor. PLATE XVIII. 192 Spain, War. 193 Spain, Commercial. 194 Royal Standard of Spain. 195 Portugal, Royal Standard. 196 Portugal, General Service. 197 Italy, Commercial. 198 Papal Merchant (obsolete). PLATE XIX. 199 Saxony. 200 Waldeck. 201 Saxe Weimar. 202 Pomerania. 203 Wurtemburg. 204 Oldenburg. 205 Mecklenburg Strelitz. 206 Brunswick. 207 German Empire, War Ensign. 208 German Empire, Jack. 209 Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. 210 Schomberg Lippe. 211 West Prussia. 212 Hesse. 213 Austria, Government. 214 Austro-Hungarian, Commercial. 215 Russian Jack. 216 Poland. PLATE XX. 217 Russian Man-of-War. 218 Russia, Commercial. 219 Early Form of Russian Ensign. 220 Russia, Consul General. 221 Russia, Chargé d'Affaires. 222 Russia, Ambassador or Minister. 223 Russia, Transport Service. 224 Danish Man-of-War. 225 Danish, Commercial. {152} 226 Russian Imperial Standard. 227 Swedish, Commercial. 228 Norwegian Man-of-War. 229 Union Flag of Sweden and Norway. 230 Flag of Norway. 231 Flag of Sweden. 232 Switzerland. PLATE XXI. 233 Greece, Commercial Flag. 234 Italian Jack. 235 Turkey, Commercial. 236 Belgium, Commercial. 237 Holland, Royal Standard. 238 Turkey, Standard. 239 Turkey, Government. 240 Tunis, Government. PLATE XXII. 241 Bulgaria. 242 Roumania. 243 Servia. 244 Japanese Ensign. 245 Japanese Imperial Standard. 246 Japanese Transport Flag. 247 Chinese Merchant Flag. 248 Japanese Guard Flag. 249 Orange Free State. 250 Liberia. 251 Congo State. 252 Rajah of Sarawak. 253 South African Republic. PLATE XXIII. 254 to 267 Fourteen Flags from the Signal Code of the Royal Navy. 268 Special Flag of the Coast Guard. 269 to 278 Code of Sir Hope Popham, used by Nelson at Trafalgar, &c. 10 illus. 279 to 286 Special Battle Signals, code suggested in 1788. 8 illus. 287 to 296 Numerical Code. Signal Code of 1788. 10 illus.