The Fleet: Its Rivers, Prison, and MarriagesAshton, John
History
The Fleet: Its Rivers, Prison, and Marriages
Ashton, John
Fleet Prison (London, England); Fleet, River (England)
But then, again, these Fleet parsons had customers of a higher grade,
as "Dec. 1, 1716. Dan Paul, S^t James's, Capt^n in y^e Horse Guards."
"March y^e 4^{th} 1740. William--and Sarah--he dress'd in a gold
waistcoat like an Officer, she a Beautifull young Lady with 2 fine
diamond Rings, and a Black high Crown Hat and very well dressed." "Nov.
y^e 24, 1733 att y^e Baptized hed Tavern to go to M^r Gibbs for to
marry him in y^e countrey--Wife worth £18,000." "Septr^5, 1744 Andrew
Mills, Gent. of the Temple, & Charlotte Gail lairdy of S^t Mildred,
Poultry at M^r Boyce's, King's head. N.B. One gentleman came first in
a merry manner to make a bargain w^{th} the Minister for the marriage,
and immediately came the parties themselves, disguising their dress
by contrivances, particularly buttning up the coat, because the rich
wastecoat should not be seen, &c."
The Church of England Marriage Service was generally used, but, in
one instance, as shown by a pocket-book, it was somewhat modified,
as when the ring is given the Trinity is not mentioned, but the words
are altered to "from this time forth for evermore. Amen;" and when the
couple promise to hold together "according to God's holy ordinance,"
it was rendered "according to law." There seems to have been but one
example of the officiating Clergyman administering the Sacrament at a
Marriage, and that was done by the Rev. W. Dan, who describes himself
as "priest of the Church of England." "October 2^{nd} 1743 John Figg,
of S^t John's the Evang^s Gent. a Widower, and Rebecca Woodward, of
Ditto, Spinster, at y^e same time gave her y^e Sacrament."
The Scandal of Fleet Marriages remained unchecked until 1753, when
the Lord Chancellor brought forward and passed "An Act for the better
preventing of clandestine marriages"--26 Geo. III. cap. 33--which, in
its different sections, provides that the Banns of Matrimony are to be
published according to the rubric, &c., the marriage to be solemnized
in one of the churches where the banns had been published. Marriage by
licence could only take place in the church or chapel of such parish,
&c., where one of the parties should have resided for four weeks
previously.
This was the death-blow to the Fleet Marriages, as any contravention of
the law was made punishable by transportation "to some of his Majesty's
plantations in America for the space of fourteen years, according to
the laws in force for the transportation of felons."
The Act came into force on March 26, 1754, but people took advantage of
the Fleet Marriages until the last moment, and that in great numbers,
for in one Register alone there is a list of 217 weddings celebrated on
the 25th of March!
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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