Perianth not distinctly developed. Ovary immersed in and adnate to the receptacle. Trees. 21 21. Receptacles covered with peltate bracts on their whole surface. Male flowers with, female without bracts.--Species 2. West Africa (Congo). =Bosqueiopsis= De Wild. & Dur. Receptacles bearing bracts on the margin only. Female flowers with, male without bracts.--Species 6. Tropics. Some yield timber and dye-stuffs. =Bosqueia= Thouars 22. Male flowers on a discoid or concave receptacle bearing numerous bracts on the edge or the whole surface; female flowers on a similar receptacle or solitary. [Tribe OLMEDIEAE.] 23 Male flowers on a globular or club-shaped receptacle bearing bracts at the base only and between the flowers, or destitute of bracts; female flowers on a more or less globular receptacle. [Tribe ARTOCARPEAE.] 24 23. Male inflorescences many-flowered, discoid; female 1-flowered. Male flowers with, female without a perianth.--Species 3. Central Africa. Poisonous, used medicinally, and yielding timber and fibre. =Antiaris= Leschen. Male and female inflorescences many-flowered, more or less concave. Male flowers without, female with a perianth.--Species 2. Cultivated in the tropics. Yielding india-rubber. =Castilloa= Cerv. 24. Inflorescences without bracts at the base. Flowers monoecious. Stamen 1.--Species 2. Cultivated in the tropics. They yield timber, bark used for making cloth, bast-fibres, mucilage, starch, edible fruits, and medicaments. “Breadfruit tree.” =Artocarpus= Forst. Inflorescences with some bracts at the base. Flowers dioecious. Stamens 1-5. 25 25. Female flowers surrounded each by two rows of very unequal bracts or perianth-segments, not intermixed with male flowers.--Species 1. Equatorial West Africa (Cameroons). =Acanthotreculia= Engl. Female flowers surrounded by subequal bracts and intermixed with some male flowers.--Species 9. Tropics. Some species have edible seeds from which also oil and meal are prepared. =Treculia= Decne. FAMILY 54. URTICACEAE Juice not milky. Leaves usually stipulate. Flowers unisexual, rarely (_Parietaria)_ polygamous. Perianth simple, with 1-5 segments, sometimes wanting in the female flowers. Stamens in the male flowers as many as perianth-segments. Filaments broadened at the base, bent inwards in the bud. Anthers attached by the back, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary 1-celled. Ovule 1, erect or ascending, straight. Style 1 or 0. Fruit indehiscent. Seed with a thin coat and a straight embryo, usually albuminous.--Genera 20, species 150. (Plate 32.) 1. Stamen 1. Perianth of the male flowers entire or divided in 2-3 segments, of the female entire 4-toothed or wanting. Stigma linear. Herbs or undershrubs, rarely shrubs. Hairs not stinging. Stipules free. [Tribe FORSKOHLEAE.] 2 Stamens 2-5. 4 2. Flower-clusters without an involucre and not surrounded by woolly hairs. Female flowers with a perianth.--Species 4. South and East Africa. (_Didymodoxa_ E. Mey.) =Australina= Gaudich.