Fruit not winged. Stamens inserted on the edge or outer face of the disc. Anthers usually opening inwards. [Subfamily =CASSINIOIDEAE=.] 8 8. Ovary 1-celled. Ovules 2-8, erect. Style lateral. Stigma peltate. Flowers 5-merous. Fruit with a thin endocarp and a thin-fleshy mesocarp. Seeds with copious albumen. Leaves opposite.--Species 5. East and South Africa and Malagasy Islands. (Including _Cathastrum_ Turcz.) =Pleurostylia= Wight & Arn. Ovary 2-4-celled, with 1-2 ovules in each cell. Style terminal, rarely lateral in the fruit. 9 9. Ovules pendulous. Flowers 5-merous. Fruit a drupe. Glabrous shrubs. Upper leaves opposite, broad.--Species 1. South Africa (Cape Colony). Yields timber. (Under _Cassine_ L.) =Maurocenia= L. Ovules erect. 10 10. Stigma entire. Anthers turned inwards. Petal-like staminodes usually present. Flowers hermaphrodite. Leaves opposite, unequal, the lower lanceolate, the upper oval. Trees.--Species 1. Isle of Réunion. =Herya= Cordem. Stigma 2-4-lobed, very rarely entire, but then anthers turned outwards. Petal-like staminodes none. 11 11. Flowers in short racemes, unisexual, 4-merous. Stamens inserted at the margin of the thin disc; filaments strap-shaped. Fruit almost dry. Glabrous shrubs. Leaves opposite.--Species 1. South Africa (Cape Colony). (Under _Elaeodendron_ Jacq.) =Lauridia= Eckl. & Zeyh. Flowers solitary or in fascicles or cymes; usually hermaphrodite. 12 12. Leaves alternate. Flowers 5-merous. Fruit almost dry.--Species 20. Tropical and South Africa. (Under _Cassine_ L. or _Elaeodendron_ Jacq.) =Mystroxylon= Eckl. & Zeyh. Leaves opposite or the upper alternate. 13 13. Pericarp neither fleshy nor hardened. Seeds exalbuminous. Anthers opening outwards. Glabrous shrubs. Leaves more or less distinctly toothed.--Species 3. South Africa and Madagascar. (Under _Schrebera_ Thunb.) =Hartogia= Thunb. Pericarp more or less fleshy or hardened. Seeds albuminous. Anthers usually opening inwards. 14 14. Pericarp fleshy. Leaves opposite.--Species 10. South Africa. =Cassine= L. Pericarp dry.--Species 17. Tropical and South Africa. Some species yield timber, dyes, edible fruits, and medicaments. (Under _Cassine_ L.) (Plate 82.) =Elaeodendron= Jacq. FAMILY 130. HIPPOCRATEACEAE Shrubs or trees. Leaves simple. Flowers regular. Calyx 5-partite, imbricate in bud. Petals 5, free, inserted below the disc. Stamens 3-5, inserted upon or within the disc. Filaments free, strap-shaped. Ovary 3-celled, with 2-10 inverted ovules in each cell. Style 1 or 0. Fruit drupaceous or capsular or separating into several mericarps. Seeds exalbuminous.--Genera 3, species 110. Tropical and South Africa. (Under _CELASTRINEAE_.) (Plate 83.) 1. Stamens 5. Anthers opening inwards by a transverse slit. Disc indistinct. Ovules 6-8 to each ovary-cell. Leaves opposite, serrate.--Species 4. West Africa. =Campylostemon= Welw. Stamens 3. Anthers opening outwards. Disc distinct. 2