1. Filaments united with one another and with the petals. Ovary 3-8-celled, with 1 ovule in each cell. Erect shrubs or trees, without tendrils. Leaves 1-3 times pinnate.--Species 3. Tropics. They yield vegetables, edible fruits, dyes, and medicaments, and serve as ornamental plants. [Subfamily =LEEOIDEAE=.] =Leea= L. Filaments free from each other and from the petals. Ovary 2-celled, with 2 ovules in each cell. [Subfamily =VITOIDEAE=.] 2 2. Flowers polygamous-dioecious. Petals 5, cohering at the top and falling off together. Disc 5-lobed. Style very short, conical. Seeds pear-shaped, with two pits on the ventral face. Climbing shrubs. Leaves more or less distinctly 3-5-lobed. Inflorescences paniculate, often with tendrils.--Species 1 (_V. vinifera_ L., grape-vine). North Africa, also cultivated in other regions. It yields edible fruits, also used for preparing wine vinegar and brandy, oily seeds, and medicaments. =Vitis= Tourn. Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous-monoecious. Petals usually spreading at the time of flowering, very rarely cohering at the top, but then only 4. Seeds more or less egg-shaped. 3 3. Style short-conical or wanting. Petals usually 5. Disc ring-shaped. Seeds egg-or boat-shaped. Climbing shrubs. Inflorescences with tendrils.--Species 30. Tropics. Some have edible fruits. (Under _Cissus_ L. or _Vitis_ Tourn.) =Ampelocissus= Planch. Style filiform or columnar, usually rather long. Inflorescences mostly without tendrils. 4 4. Petals 5 or 6, very rarely 4 or 7, thickened, fleshy, persistent. Disc adnate to the ovary. Style usually short. Climbing shrubs. Inflorescences compact.--Species 15. Central and South Africa. (Under _Cissus_ L. or _Vitis_ Tourn.) =Rhoicissus= Planch. 5. Petals 4, not thickened. Disc usually saucer-shaped, 4-lobed and adnate to the ovary at the base only. Style usually long.--Species 150. Tropical and South Africa and Egypt. Some of them yield edible fruits or tubers, mucilage, or medicaments. (Under _Vitis_ Tourn.) (Plate 89.) =Cissus= L. [Illustration: VITACEAE. _FLOW. PL. AFR._ _Pl. 89._ J. Fleischmann del. Cissus cirrhosa (Thunb.) Planch. _A_ Flowering branch. _B_ Fruiting branch. _C_ Male Flower, the corolla cut lengthwise. _D_ Stamens. _E_ Ovary cut lengthwise. _F_ Ovary cut across. _G_ Fruit. _H_ Fruit cut lengthwise.] [Illustration: CHLAENACEAE. _FLOW. PL. AFR._ _Pl. 90._ J. Fleischmann del. Leptochlaena multiflora Thouars _A_ Flowering branch. _B_ Flower cut lengthwise. _C_ Cross-section of ovary.] ORDER MALVALES SUBORDER ELAEOCARPINEAE FAMILY 139. ELAEOCARPACEAE