Events which might have moved somewhat tardily before, were, after this explicit declaration of the pope in favor of the Austrians and against a constitution, hastened into great activity. Everything demonstrated that the people were acting under the influence of a settled conviction that all their best and dearest interests required that they should establish an independent constitutional government at whatsoever cost. And the resoluteness with which the purpose to accomplish this end was formed and maintained by the Italian people will fully appear in the sequel of their history, which furnishes a conspicuous instance of the manner in which the example of the people of the United States reacted upon the modern populations of the European States. FOOTNOTES: [Footnote 169: De Montor, Vol. II, p, 780.] [Footnote 170: Life of Victor Emmanuel. By Edward Dicey. Putnam's Sons, New York. Page 65.] [Footnote 171: _Ibid._, p. 132.] [Footnote 172: De Montor, Vol. II, p. 781.] [Footnote 173: De Montor, Vol. II, pp. 783 to 793.] [Footnote 174: Life of Pius IX. By Trollope. Vol. I, p. 98.] [Footnote 175: Life of Pius IX. By Trollope. Vol. I, p. 108.] [Footnote 176: Life of Pius IX. By Maguire. Page 22, and note. Trollope, Vol. I, p. 135.] [Footnote 177: Maguire, p. 28.] [Footnote 178: Maguire, p. 29.] [Footnote 179: Trollope, Vol. I, pp. 146-147.] [Footnote 180: Maguire, pp. 28-29. Trollope, Vol. I, p. 167.] [Footnote 181: Trollope, Vol. I, pp. 173 and 194.] [Footnote 182: _Ibid._, p. 197.] [Footnote 183: Trollope, Vol. I, pp. 216-218.] [Footnote 184: _Ibid._, p. 220.] CHAPTER XVII. TEMPORAL POWER OF THE POPE OVERTHROWN.