1638—Rhode Island settled by followers of Anne Hutchinson. —Harvard college founded. —Swedes and Finns settle Delaware. —Colony of New Haven founded. Persecution in Massachusetts. 1640—Montreal, Canada, founded. 1641—New Hampshire united to Massachusetts. 1643—The germ of the American Union is planted by a confederation of Plymouth, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New Haven. It was for mutual protection and support, and was kept alive about forty years. 1645—Clayborne causes an insurrection in Maryland. —The Mohawks mediate between the Dutch and Algonquins. —Witchcraft superstition commences. 1646—John Elliott becomes a missionary to the Indians. 1649—The Mohawk war on the French settlements and Jesuits. 1650—Common School laws passed in Connecticut. 1651—English “Navigation Act” forbids colonists to trade with any country but England, and restricts trade among the colonies. Thus the English make all the profits. English merchants set the price of purchases and sales. 1651—Persecution of the Quakers in Massachusetts. —Proprietary government subverted in Maryland. 1657—Elliott translates the Bible into the Indian language. 1662—Winthrop obtains a liberal charter for Hartford and New Haven. 1663—Carolina granted to a company of Noblemen. 1664—The Dutch conquer the Swedes on the Delaware. New York granted to the Duke of York, who sends a force to dispossess the Dutch. It is done without fighting. New Jersey granted to Berkely and Carteret. 1665—Lake Superior discovered by Father Allouez. 1668—St. Mary’s, between Lake Superior and Lake Huron, the first French settlement within the boundaries of the United States, founded. 1670—Mr. Locke’s philosophical constitution introduced in Carolina. It soon proved an absurd failure. 1673—The Upper Mississippi discovered by Marquette. 1675—King Philip’s war in New England. He was a warrior of great ability and activity. Fourteen towns were destroyed by the Indians, and six hundred inhabitants killed. Philip is killed August 12, 1676, and the Indian tribes very nearly destroyed. 1676—Three of the Regicides (Judges of Charles I., King of England) came to New England. —New Jersey divided into East and West Jersey, at the suggestion of Wm. Penn. Bacon’s rebellion in favor of popular rights, in Virginia. 1677—Virginia obtains a new charter. Massachusetts purchases Maine. 1678—Sir Edmund Andross, royal governor of New York, usurps the government of the Jerseys. 1679—New Hampshire becomes a royal province, but the people make a successful stand for their legislative privileges.