John C. Breckenridge, Ky., March 4th, 1857, to March 4th, 1861—four years. Hannibal Hamlin, Me., March 4th, 1861, to March 4th, 1865—four years. Andrew Johnson, Tenn., March 4th, 1865, to April 15th, 1865—one month and eleven days. Schuyler Colfax, Ind., March 4th, 1869, to March 4th, 1873—four years. Henry Wilson, Mass., March 4th, 1873, to March 4th, 1877—four years. Of these, Clinton died April 20th, 1812; from which time till March 4th, 1813, the Vice-Presidency was vacant. Gerry died November 23d, 1814; from which time till March 4th, 1817, the Vice-Presidency was vacant. Tyler became acting President upon the death of President Harrison; and until March 4th, 1845, the Vice-Presidency was vacant. Fillmore became acting President upon the death of President Taylor, July 9th, 1850; and until March 4th, 1853, the Vice-Presidency was vacant. King was elected with President Pierce, in 1852, but died April 18th, 1853. He never took his seat, and the Vice-Presidency was vacant till March 4th, 1857. Johnson became acting President upon the death of President Lincoln, April 15th, 1865, and the Vice-Presidency again became vacant, and remained so until March 4th, 1869. CHAPTER III. THE CABINET. 1. The members of the President’s Cabinet are seven in number, viz.: Five Secretaries, at the head of their respective departments, of State, Treasury, War, Navy, and Interior; and the Postmaster General, and Attorney General. It is through these departments and their various bureaus, officers, agents, and clerks, that the President performs most of the duties of his position, viz.: that of _executing_, or putting in force, the laws of Congress. He must, therefore, necessarily take them into his counsels, and arrange, by their assistance, the conduct of public affairs. Each one has the affairs of his department so thoroughly systematized that he can tell, with a little examination, the means at his disposal for carrying into effect any special measure; and precise records of the whole state of the public service may, at all times, be found in their offices.